R-03-12-18-8F2 - 12/18/20030
RESOLUTION NO. R -03-12-18-8F2
WHEREAS, on November 14, 2002, the City of Round Rock entered
into an Early Action Compact Agreement ("Agreement") with the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Commission on
Environmental Quality (TCEQ) for the development of a Clean Air Action
Plan within the Austin/Round Rock Metropolitan Statistical Area, and
WHEREAS, the purpose of said Agreement is to provide Central
Texas with a mechanism to address effectively the region's air quality
issues, and
WHEREAS, the Agreement provides the City of Round Rock with the
flexibility to recommend to the TCEQ those air quality improvement
strategies most suitable to the City's circumstances and resources, and
WHEREAS, on March 26, 2002 the City entered into a Memorandum of
Agreement approving an 03 Flex Agreement in which measures highlighted
in green on Table 2 of the attached Exhibit "A" were approved, and
WHEREAS, the City now wishes to recommend to the TCEQ for
inclusion into the Clean Air Action Plan, the measures on Table 1 of
the attached Exhibit "A", and the measures highlighted in yellow on
Table 2 of the attached Exhibit "A", Now Therefore
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROUND ROCK, TEXAS,
That the Recommended Emission Reduction Measures on Table 1 and
highlighted in yellow on Table 2 attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and
incorporated herein, are hereby recommended to the TCEQ for inclusion
into the Clean Air Action Plan.
The City Council hereby finds and declares that written notice of
the date, hour, place and subject of the meeting at. which this
@PFDeSktop\-.:ODMA/WORLDOX/O:/WDOX/RESOJ.UTI/F.3121SF2.WPD/SC
Resolution was adopted was posted and that such meeting was open to the
public as required by law at all times during which this Resolution and
the subject matter hereof were discussed, considered and formally acted
upon, all as required by the Open Meetings Act, Chapter 551, Texas
Government Code, as amended.
RESOLVED this 18th day of Dec
AT
CHRISTINE R. MARTINEZ, City Secre ary
wEiiL, Mayor
Round Rock, Texas
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*Signatory jurisdictions should select Table 2 measures that are in addition to those included
in their 03 Flex Agreement commitment.
Measures highlighted in GREEN are included in the March 2002 03 Flex Agreement.
Measures highlighted in YELLOW are recommended as the City of Round Rock's Fair Share
obligation to emission reductions.
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures 4
Implementation
Effectiveness
Method
atin
Reduces
Reduces
Emission Reduction Measure°
�as
NOx
VOC
3
-c
o
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Q
O
B24
EPA Smart Way Transport
X
X
X
X
Program
Business Evaluation of Fleet
B25
Usage, Including Operations
X
X
X
X
and Right Sizing
B26
Parking Incentives for Alt Fuel
X
X
X
X
or SULEV vehicles
B27
Commute Solutions Programs
X
X
X
X
B28
Direct Deposit
X
X
X
X
B29
e-Govemment and/or Available
X
X
X
X
Locations
Voluntary use of APUs for
B30
locomotives operating in
X
X
X
X
Central Texas
B31
Fueling of Vehicles in Evening
X
X
X
B32
Urban Heat Island/Cool Cities
X
X
X
X
X
X
Program
B33
Resource Conservation
X
X
X
X
X
Increase investments by
B34
Central Texas electric utility
X
X
X
X
providers in energy demand
management programs
B35
Alter production processes and
X
X
X
X
fuel choices
Contract provisions addressing
B36
construction related emissions
X
X
X
X
on high ozone days
Ensure emission reductions in
B37
SEPs, BEPS and similar
X
X
X
X
agreements
B38
Ozone Action Day Education
Program
X
X
X
X
B39
Ozone Action Day Response
X
X
X
X
Program
*Signatory jurisdictions should select Table 2 measures that are in addition to those included
in their 03 Flex Agreement commitment.
Measures highlighted in GREEN are included in the March 2002 03 Flex Agreement.
Measures highlighted in YELLOW are recommended as the City of Round Rock's Fair Share
obligation to emission reductions.
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures 4
DATE: December 12, 2003
SUBJECT: City Council Meeting — December 18, 2003
ITEM: 8.F.2. Consider a resolution in support of Recommended Emission
Reduction Measures for inclusion in the Austin/Round Rock
Metropolitan Statistical Area Clean Air Action Plan.
Resource: Tom Word, Chief of Public Works Operations
Michael Thane, Engineer
History: On November 14, 2002, the City of Round Rock executed a memorandum of
agreement to enter into an Early Action Compact with the Texas Commission on
Environmental Quality and the Environmental Protection Agency. This compact
allowed the 12 city and county governments within the Austin/Round Rock
Metropolitan Statistical Area to develop and implement a Clean Air Action Plan
that would reduce ozone levels and meet with the 8 -hour ozone standard. By
implementing and maintaining the agreement with the EPA, the MSA will not be
designated non -attainment for the 8 -hour ozone standard for the term of the
agreement.
Adoption of this resolution indicates the City's support of the Clean Air Action
Plan, which is divided into two categories. The first category identifies measures
recommended as mandatory requirements in all MSA counties (except where
noted) and implemented by state rule (Table 1 of Draft Clean Air Action Plan).
The second category contains measures recommended for voluntary
implementation by local regulation, agreement, or voluntary agreement (Table 2
of Clean Air Action Plan). City Staff recommends all the measures in Table 1 and
the selection of three of the four measures indicated in Table 2. The voluntary
measures show the City's fair share obligation to emission reductions.
Funding:
Cost: Uncertain as to the amount.
Source of funds: General Fund and Utility Fund
Outside Resources: Central Texas Clean Air Force
Impact/Benefit: Most importantly, reducing ozone levels provides for cleaner, healthier
air for the citizens of Round Rock. A major advantage of the
participating in the Early Action Compact protocol is the flexibility in
selecting emission reduction measures and programs that are best
suited to local needs and circumstances, instead of the EPA
designating the reduction measures.
Public Comment: Numerous presentations have been made on air quality and the
effects of elevated ozone levels.
Sponsor: N/A
EXECUTED
DOCUMENT
FOLLOWS
DRAFT CLEAN AIR ACTION PLAN (CAAP)
RECOMMENDED EMISSION REDUCTION MEASURES
October 31, 2003
INTRODUCTION
This document lists emission reduction measures recommended by the Early Action Compact Task
Force (EACTF) for inclusion in the Austin/Round Rock MSA Clean Air Action Plan (CAAP). While
some measures apply to multiple counties, others vary by jurisdiction. During the stakeholder process
these measures came to the forefront. They are effective in other nonattainment areas and local
models show them to reduce emissions cost effectively.
The measures form two categories, summarized in separate tables. (Appendices A and B provide
measure details.) Table 1 covers measures recommended as requirements in all MSA counties
(except where noted) and implemented by state rule. Table 2 contains measures recommended for
implementation by local regulation, agreement or voluntary arrangement. Jurisdictions may select
from Table 2 the measures that will complete their "fair share" obligation to emission reductions. Non -
signatory jurisdictions, public sector agencies and businesses may also participate in the Table 2
measures.
The MSA now has in place, or has planned for, several measures not included in the baseline
emissions inventory (1999). The CAAP intends to account for these anticipated reductions.
Implementation requires no additional planning or funding. The measures include:
• The March 2002 03 Flex Agreement, implemented throughout the MSA, with estimated NOx
reductions of 6.7 tpd and VOC reductions of 2.3 tpd;
• The early introduction (May 2003) and continued use of Ultra Low Sulfur Gasoline throughout
the MSA;
• The ALCOA Agreement, expected to reduce their NOx emissions 90% by 2007; and
• State and federal measures, such as Tier 2 fuel and vehicle emissions standards, scheduled
to come on line during the implementation period.
TO SUBMIT COMMENTS:
• E-mail at www.cleanairforce.orq (click on Clean Air Action Plan Public Involvement)
• By fax to the Clean Air Force at 512-916-6038
• By mail to Clean Air Force, 2512 S IH35, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78704
• By phone 343 -SMOG or 1-866-916-4AIR
FOR MORE INFORMATION
• Go to www.cleanairforce.org or call the phone numbers listed above
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures
APPENDIX A
Description of Emission Reduction Measures in Table 1
DESCRIPTION: Require vehicle emission testing and repair for all subject gasoline vehicles 2 to 24
years old and registered in Hays, Travis or Williamson counties. Tests will be conducted at all safety
inspection stations. Failed vehicles have 15 days to repair the vehicle at any repair facility and get a
free retest. The emission test for model year 1996 and newer vehicles will be the On -Board Diagnostic
test. The emission test for model year 1995 and older vehicles will be the two speed idle test. Remote
sensing will be used to identify high emitters in Hays, Travis, Williamson and contiguous counties.
Identified vehicles will be required to show passing emission test results in order to renew vehicle
registration. Vehicles used by students at public universities in the 3 counties but registered elsewhere
will be required to participate in the program in order to receive parking privileges. A Low Income Repair
Assistance Program (LIRAP) will be included.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule with program implemented by TCEQ and DPS.
• REGIONAL COSTS: TBD Program is designed to keep emissions test fees lower than those in DFW
and Houston ($27.00 fee +12.50 safety inspection)
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: Estimated 3.19 tpd NOx and 4.19 tpd VOC
DESCRIPTION: State law to restrict idling of gasoline and diesel -powered engines in heavy-duty motor
vehicles greater than 8500 gross vehicle weight to five consecutive minutes when the vehicle is not in
motion, with certain exceptions. Applies during ozone season only. Enforceability may be problematic,
but emission reductions could be significant.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all five counties.
*EACTF has suggested TCEQ consider implementing the measure in the eastern half of the state
REGIONAL COSTS: No monetary costs expected
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: Estimated 0.28 tpd NOx
DESCRIPTION: Require every existing or future employer with 100 or more employees per location to
implement a commute emission reduction program that will reduce commute emission equivalent by
10%. Awards could be provided for those who exceed requirements. A similar voluntary program called
Clean Air Partners is underway. In addition, the existing Commute Solutions Program provides tools and
support for program implementation.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all five counties.
REGIONAL COSTS: TBD
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: Estimated 0.54 tpd NOx and 0.60 tpd VOC
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures
DESCRIPTION: This control measure is the industry -desired alternative to previously proposed control
measures. Commercial Lawn and Garden firms will be required to submit an emissions reduction plan
documenting 20% or greater emissions reduction from the default emissions inventory for their
equipment. TCEQ has the necessary software and emissions factors to perform these calculations.
Emissions reductions associated with alternative fueled vehicles will be accepted as a reduction against
their emissions inventory. An approved emissions reduction plan results in the company being
"permitted" to operate in the Central Texas area.
This measure affects about 1,000 companies in the area. For purposes of compliance, applicability
(operations >$5,000/year) will be patterned after and compared to the existing Lawn and Garden Service
Tax. Decals (permit) will be affixed to each piece of permitted equipment. Companies will be
encouraged to begin the equipment upgrading now to achieve immediate emissions reductions. Actual
permitting begins in 2005, giving industry a chance to spread cost of compliance over several years.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all five counties.
REGIONAL COSTS: Preliminary cost estimates assume the industry would get these reductions by
purchasing low emission gas cans. This assumes each business would spend about $115 on these
cans, for a total of $84,780. Further refinement of these cost estimates is expected.
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: In 2007, the industry is projected to create about 1.07 tpd of
NOx. This measure is expected to reduce 20%, or 0.21 tpd, of those NOx emissions.
DESCRIPTION: Stage I vapor recover is already in place in the Austin region for service stations that
pump over 125,000 gallons of fuel per month. This measure would require Stage I on service stations
pumping 25,000 gallons per month, thus increasing the number of service stations using the system.
Stage I reduces VOC emissions during fuel transfer from the tanker truck to the underground storage
tank through a special vapor recovery system.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all five counties.
*EACTF has recommended that TCEQ implement the measure in the eastern half of the state for all
service stations pumping 50,000gallons/month or more.
REGIONAL COSTS: $1,199,668 per year assuming participation in all five counties.
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: 3.82 tpd VOC reductions assuming participation in all five
counties.
DESCRIPTION: Mandate that all new gas containers purchased in the region meet spill -proof, low
emission standards.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all five counties.
*EACTF has recommended that TCEQ implement the measure in the eastern half of the state.
REGIONAL COSTS: The incremental cost of these cans is approximately $11.00. Further evaluation of
the total regional costs is needed, although costs have been prepared for the lawn and garden industry
only see Lawn and Garden Permitting measure).
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: Initial estimates for oI the Lawn and Garden industry are
1.97 TPD VOC reductions. Regional implementation will provide additional reductions.
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures
DESCRIPTION: Adopt state rule for Architectural and Industrial Surface Coatings. This regulates the
use of certain surface coatings (e.g., paints) applied by industry, contractors and homeowners to coat
houses, buildings, highway surfaces and industrial equipment. Because users of these coatings are
small and widespread, requiring the use of add-on control devices is technically and economically
infeasible. Reductions in VOC emissions must therefore be obtained through product reformulation.
IMPLEMENTATION: Request that TCEQ adopt state rule for the Austin/Round Rock MSA.
REGIONAL COSTS: $2,654,080/yr
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: 1.60 tons VOC per day
DESCRIPTION: Degreasing operations are a common source of VOC emissions. Degreasing uses a
solvent to remove grease, oil, or dirt from the surface of a part prior to surface coating or welding. In cold
cleaning, the part is dipped into or sprayed with solvent. Sources that commonly have cold cleaning
degreasers include auto repair shops, autobody shops, and industries. Lower VOC content results in
cost savings. TCEQ rules that already apply address housekeeping measures.
IMPLEMENTATION: Request that TCEQ extend state rule to include the Austin/Round Rock MSA.
REGIONAL COSTS: Savings TBD
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: 6.28 tons of VOC per day
DESCRIPTION: Adopt Autobody Refinishing Control standards to reduce VOC emissions from this
source by 45%. Rule requires lowering the VOC content of the products used, improving the application
technique so that less coating is used and controlling the use of clean-up solvents (proper handling of
gun cleaning and clean-up solvents). Emissions occur at all three process stages (surface preparation,
painting and equipment cleaning) due to evaporation of solvents in the primers, paints and other
coatings, and in the cleaning solutions.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all five counties.
REGIONAL COSTS: $91,728/yr
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: 0.28 tons of VOC per day
DESCRIPTION: This measure prohibits the sale/transport of "conventional cut-back asphalt" in the
Austin/Round Rock MSA. Conventional cut-back asphalt releases VOC for over a year after application.
Also, encourage the use of low -emission emulsion asphalt and hot -mix asphalt by reducing VOC upper
limit in the definition of "Exempt Cut-back Asphalt" as lower emission asphalt becomes available.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all five counties.
REGIONAL COSTS: TBD
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: TBD
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures
Low - • Vapor Gasoline
DESCRIPTION: Would lower the Reid vapor pressure requirement from 7.8 to 7.0 in the MSA during
ozone season (daylight savings time), significantly reducing locally generated VOC.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all 5 counties.
REGIONAL COSTS: $5.4 million/year.
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: 2.94 tpd VOC reductions in the MSA assuming 180 day ozone
season fuel use.
Oil and Gas Compressors
DESCRIPTION: Require installation of air -fuel ratio controller and three-way catalysts on small (<500hp)
rich burn oil and gas well compressors that are currently uncontrolled by state rules.
IMPLEMENTATION. Preferably state rule, applicable in all five counties.
REGIONAL COSTS: TBD
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: TBD
Point Source• •
DESCRIPTION: Require Best Available Control Technology (SACT) and 1:1 offsets for all new or
modified point sources that emit 100 tons per year or more.
IMPLEMENTATION: Preferably state rule, developed by TCEQ, applicable in all five counties
REGIONAL COSTS: TBD
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: TBD
PetroleumDry Cleaning Systems -7
DESCRIPTION: Adopt the Texas state rule for Petroleum Dry Cleaning Systems used in DFW and
Houston. This regulates the operation of a dry cleaning facility by complying with dryer, filtration system,
and fugitive emission requirements. An 85% reduction in VOC emissions will be obtained through these
emissions controls.
IMPLEMENTATION: Request that TCEQ extend state rule to Austin/Round Rock MSA.
REGIONAL COSTS: $1,961,729 per year
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: 1.06 tons of VOC per day
EmissionAl 5. Texas - • •Program (TERP)
DESCRIPTION: A state funded grant program to reduce diesel emissions and encourage
technological innovations. Available grants cover the incremental cost of cleaner diesel on -road and off-
road engines and equipment, cleaner fuel needed for the equipment and clean fuel infrastructure. The
eligibility threshold is $13,000 per ton of NOx reduced.
IMPLEMENTATION: Local vehicle and equipment owners apply for TERP funding, TCEQ selects
projects and awards funding
REGIONAL COSTS: TBD, eligible projects must meet maximum $13,000 per ton NOx reduced
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: TBD
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures
A16. Power Plant Reductions
DESCRIPTION: Reduce NOx emissions from power plants as follows:
Austin Energy - AE would accept a cap of 1,500 tons per year on total NOx emissions from all of its units combined
(Decker, Holly and Sand Hill). The cap would be in place at least through 2012. As AE brings new units online,
additional NOx emission reductions at existing units would be made in order to comply with the cap. AE will
achieve this cap through a combination of NOx reduction technologies at their existing plants, retirement of older
generating units, increased utilization of renewable energy and energy efficiency.
LCRA - LCRA is considering taking a cap on the emissions from all of its plants in the 5 -county area. The final level
of this cap is yet to be defined, but would be no greater than current emissions. LCRA would likely
follow the precedent it set at the Lost Pines Power Park and offset NOx emissions from any new power plant it built
in the 5 counties. The Fayette Power Project (co -owned with Austin Energy) is covered by a flexible permit
that requires interim NOx emission caps by 2005 and a final NOx cap by 2012.
The University of Texas at Austin - UT is proposing a 75% reduction in the allowable annual NOx emissions from its
grandfathered units. The historical potential NOx emissions from these units is 1,388 tons per year. Under the
current VERP application the University will limit NOx emissions from grandfathered units to 341 tons per year. The
University will meet these reduced emissions levels by limiting operating hours on certain equipment and by
installing 10 -year BACT controls on other equipment. Controls are proposed to be added to Boiler #7 in 2004 and
Boiler #3 in 2005. The University will continue to operate its permitted unit (Gas turbine/boiler #8) as usual;
this unit has average NOx emissions of 394 tons per year.
IMPLEMENTATION: Agreed order (AE, LCRA) or permit (UT)
REGIONAL COSTS: TBD
EXPECTED POLLUTION REDUCTIONS: TBD
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures
Appendix B
Description of Emission Reduction Measures in Table 2
B1. Texas Emission Reduction• • '
DESCRIPTION: Secure all available TERP incentives/grants for equipment and fuels in the five county area.
Available incentives/grants cover the incremental cost of cleaner diesel on -road and off-road engines and
e ui ment, cleaner fuel needed for the ea ui ment and clean fuel infrastructure.
B2. Texas Low Emission•
DESCRIPTION: Purchase and use Texas Low Emission Diesel in on and non -road vehicles and equipment.
Transportation Emission-• •
DESCRIPTION: Implement transportation projects and programs that reduce emissions. Projects and programs
include improved transit options and level of service, intersection improvements, grade separations. signal
synchronizations and/or improvements, peak and/or off-peak traffic flow improvements, park and ride facilities,
bike/ped facilities, high occupancy vehicle lanes, rail, demand management, intelligent transportation systems etc.
Many TERMS are already planned and funded. CAMPO has issued a call for projects that may provide funding for
additional TERMS.
B4. Access Management
DESCRIPTION: Adopt access management regulations or guidelines for new or re -development. TxDOT has
proposed guidance available. Access management includes managing roadway access by limiting the number and
location of allowable curb cuts and driveways, consolidating access to multiple business through one main
drivewa , side road etc. Access management reduces con estion, vehicle dela and associated emissions.
B5. Alternative Commute Infrastructure Requirements
DESCRIPTION: Require all new non-residential developments of 25,000 sq. ft or more and developments that
increase their square footage 25% or more and have/expect 100+ employees on the site to include bicycle
commuting facilities arkin /racks and showers and Dreferential carlDool/vani2ool parkinq spaces.
• Drive -Through Facilities on Ozone Action,
DESCRIPTION: Require or encourage businesses with drive-through facilities to post signs on Ozone Action
Days asking customers to park and come inside instead of using the drive-through facilities. Encourage the public
to com I .
B7. Expedited permitting for mixed use, transit oriented or in -fill
development.
DESCRIPTION: Provide an expedited permitting process and/or other incentives for mixed use, transit oriented or
in -fill development. Developments would have to meet certain performance criteria in order to qualify for expedited
permitting.
DESCRIPTION: This category includes new and in -use ground support equipment (GSE) used in airport
operations. GSE perform a variety of functions, including: starting aircraft, aircraft maintenance, aircraft fueling,
transporting cargo to and from aircraft, loading cargo, transporting passengers to and from aircraft, baggage
handling, lavatory service, and food service. The Air Transportation industry has informed Central Texas that they
will oppose any requirements on their industry.
DESCRIPTION: ABIA has begun and will complete the addition of building supplied power and preconditioned air
for all aircraft parked at the gate. This will eliminate the need to run on -board auxiliary power units (APUs), and air-
conditioning (ACUs) and ground power units (GPUs) by the air carriers if they will participate. It is not clear if we
can mandate their use. or if it wil! need to be on a voluntary basis. Implementation might require creating incentives
or use restrictions. Estimated 0.16 tpd NOx reduction.
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures 10
DESCRIPTION: Begin replacement of Aviation Fleet equipment with propane fuel starting FY2003. Purchase of
10 propane pro -turf mowers, and 4 propane non -road truck-alls. Planned purchases at this time. Future
replacement subject to budget provisions.
DESCRIPTION: ABIA currently operates 29 propane buses for passenger service between the terminal and the
parking lots. Averages 25,000 gallons of propane per month. Estimated 60°o NOx reduction. Take credit for
current operations.
DESCRIPTION: Propane fueling infrastructure is available at ABTA that could be used to refuel off-site parking
shuttle buses. Encourage or mandate these services to shift to propane by 2005. Estimated 60°0 NOx reduction.
DESCRIPTION: Require use of reformulated striping material products (I.e., water-based paints or thermoplastic)
to achieve VOC reductions.
DESCRIPTION: Adopt control strategy for municipal solid waste landfills based upon the EPA's New Source
Performance Standard (NSPS) and Guidelines. A municipal solid waste landfill is a disposal facility in a contiguous
geographical space where household waste is placed and periodically covered with inert material. Landfill gases
are produced from the aerobic and anaerobic decomposition and chemical reactions of the refuse in the landfill.
Landfill gases consist primarily of methane and carbon dioxide, with volatile organic compounds making up less
than one percent of the total emissions. Although the percentage for VOC emissions seems small, the total volume
of cases is larqe.
DESCRIPTION: Amend and/or adopt regulations to ban the open burning of such items as trees, shrubs, and
brush from land clearing, trimmings from landscaping, and household or business trash, during the peak ozone
season. It reduces VOCs and NOx.
DESCRIPTION: Implement landscaping ordinances to require additional urban tree planting. Reforestation
improves air quality and energy efficiency
DESCRIPTION: Require additional energy efficiency measures beyond SB5 and SB7, such as building design,
revisions to codes and standards, and energy management programs for large commercial facilities. Additional
enerav efficiencv measures could provide siqnificant reductions in energy demand and demand -related emissions.
DESCRIPTION: Require commercial facilities to develop overnight the reservoir of cold water needed to meet air
conditioning needs the following day. Total energy consumption and emissions are not reduced, but the emissions
are not generated during the dav, reducing the potential for ozone formation.
DESCRIPTION: To meet peak demands, this strategy would involve "ramping up" power generation facilities that
are either cleaner than normally used or located away from high NOx-producing areas (e.g., plants in Bastrop and
Marble Falls rather than the Decker or Holly Street plants in downtown Austin).
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures 11
DESCRIPTION: Provide parking incentives for Tier2 Bin 3 or cleaner vehicles. These clean vehicles could be
allowed to park for free at parking meters, have designated parking spaces. This would encourage the use of these
cleaner vehicles.
DESCRIPTION: Encourage and provide tools to implement Commute VMT reduction programs (e.g. Teleworking,
compressed work week, carpooling/vanpooling, bus fares, subsidized transit pass, flextime, carpool or alternative
transportation incentives etc.). The Commute Solutions program provides information and tools to implement these
programs. Could be used to support a commute emission reduction regulation.
DESCRIPTION: Offer employees direct deposit potentially saving at least one vehicle errand per pay period.
DESCRIPTION: Provide web -based services, both for information and transactions, and/or multiple locations for
payments, etc., Reduces VMT and associated emissions.
DESCRIPTION: Controls for locomotives are pre-empted by Federal law, but voluntary controls might have some
success, since using Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) also decreases fuel costs to the railroad companies. CSX has
been considering the use of APUs to reduce fuel use.
DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures 12
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DRAFT Recommended Emission Reduction Measures 13