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G-99-06-10-9C1 - 6/10/1999ORDINANCE NO. O1-qq-o- 1 Q- qc 1 AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE GENERAL PLAN OF THE CITY OF ROUND ROCK, TEXAS ADOPTED IN SECTION 11.200, CODE OF ORDINANCES (1995 EDITION), CITY OF ROUND ROCK, TEXAS, BY AMENDING SECTION 11.201; DELETING THE CURRENT SECTIONS 11.202 AND 11.203; RENUMBERING SECTIONS 11.204 AND 11.205 TO SECTIONS 11.202 AND 11.203 RESPECTIVELY; AND PROVIDING FOR A SAVINGS CLAUSE AND REPEALING CONFLICTING ORDINANCES WHEREAS, Chapter 219, Local Government Code, provides municipalities with the authority to adopt a comprehensive plan for the long-range development of the municipality, and WHEREAS, the General Plan 2000 constituting the City of Round Rock's updated general plan policy has been presented to the City Council for consideration as the comprehensive plan, and WHEREAS, said General Plan 2000 is intended to replace the 1990 General Plan, and WHEREAS, the Planning and Zoning Commission held a public hearing concerning the General Plan 2000 on the 5th day of May, 1999, following lawful publication of the notice of said public hearing, and WHEREAS, after considering the public testimony received at such hearing, the Planning and Zoning Commission has recommended that the General Plan 2000 be adopted, and K.\WPDOCS\ORDINANC\090610C1.WPD/Cdc WHEREAS, on the 13th day of May, 1999, and on the 27th day of May, 1999, after proper notification, the City Council held public hearings on the General Plan 2000, and WHEREAS, the City Council has determined that the General Plan 2000 be adopted to replace the 1990 General Plan, and WHEREAS, each and every requirement set forth in Chapter 219, Texas Local Government Code, and Section 11.204, Code of Ordinances (1995 Edition), City of Round Rock, Texas concerning public notices, hearings, and other procedural matters has been fully complied with, Now Therefore BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROUND ROCK, TEXAS, THAT: I. That Section 11.201, Code of Ordinances (1995 Edition), City of Round Rock, is hereby amended to read as follows: 11.201 GENERAL PLAN The document entitled General Plan 2000, is hereby adopted as the comprehensive plan in accordance with §219.002 and is referred to in this Code as the "General Plan". A true and correct copy of the General Plan 2000 shall be kept on file in the City Secretary's office. II. That Sections 11.202 and 11.203, Code of Ordinances (1995 Edition), City of Round Rock, as currently written, are deleted. 2. III. That Sections 11.204 and 11.205, Code of Ordinances (1995 Edition), City of Round Rock, should be renumbered as Sections 11.202 and 11.203, respectively. IV. A. All ordinances, parts of ordinances, or resolutions in conflict herewith are expressly repealed. B. The invalidity of any section or provision of this ordinance shall not invalidate other sections or provisions thereof. C. The City Council hereby finds and declares the written notice of the date, hour, place, and subject of the meeting at which this ordinance was adopted was posted and that such meeting was open to the public as required by law at all times during which this ordinance and the subject hereof were discussed, considered and formally acted upon, as required by the Open Meetings Act, Chapter 551, Texas Government Code, as amended. Alternative 1. By motion duly made, seconded and passed with an affirmative vote of all the Council members present, the requirement for reading this ordinance on two separate days was dispensed with. READ, PASSED, and ADOPTED on first reading this ge) day of .,-U l , 1999. 3. Alternative 2. READ and APPROVED on first reading this the day of , 1999. READ, APPROVED and ADOPTED on second reading this the day of , 1999. 1 ATTEST: E LAND, City Secretary ROB - A. STLUKA, JR. Mayor Mayor City of Round Rock, Texas 4. CITY OF ROUND ROCK June 10,1999 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Round Rock City Council Robert A. Stluka, Jr., Mayor Martha A. Chavez, Mayor Pro -tem Tom Nielson Earl M. Hairston Rick Stewart Earl Palmer Jimmy Joseph Planning and Zoning Commission Al Kosik, Chairman Carrie Pitt, Secretary Bob Belanger Frank Del Castillo Jim Cotton Peter Drapes Michael Jergins Brian Lott City Staff Robert L. Bennett, Jr., AICP, City Manager Joanne Land, Assistant City Manager/City Secretary Stephan L. Sheets, City Attorney Lynn Bizzell, Fire Chief Teresa Bledsoe, Human Resources Director Paul Conner, Police Chief David Kautz, Finance Director James R. Nuse, P.E., Public Works Director Sharon Prete, Parks Director Dale Ricklefs, Library Director Joseph L. Vining, AICP, Planning Director General Plan 2000 Planning and Design Workshop Participants Michael Ashmore Teresa Evan John Atkinson Julie Forbes Bob Belanger Ken Freed Tom Black Anne Gorney Mary Ann Bose Dennis Graffious Bob Brinkman Ben Haner Debbie Bruce-Juhlke Larry Hathorn Walter Bryant Carol Heam Rilla Chaka Jim Hislop Jim Cotton Debbie Hoffman Cindy Cozart Rodney Howard Frank Del Castillo Audrey Jahn Marvin Elliott Wilbur Jahn Brad Ellis Michael Jergins Martha Ellis Leonard Kiely Karin Ellzey Jane Kirschman Terry Erickson Al Kosik Bill Koughan Keith Kussmaul Ken Lounsbury Clifford May Craig McClure John Moman John Moody Pat Murphy Debbie Nagle Tom Nielson Tommy Nobles Fred Ort Nick Page Pat Patterson Harold Patterson Carrie Pitt David Pruett Planning and Community Development Department Joseph L. Vining, AICP, Planning Director Amelia C. Sondgeroth, AICP, Principal Planner Paul Gambrel, AICP, Senior Planner Susan Brennan, AICP, Senior Planner Jennifer Hauch, GIS Analyst Angel Martinez, Planning Technician Vickie Moreno, Sr. Administrative Technician Tim Jenkins, Community Development Manager Mona Ryan, Community Development Specialist Marion Hastings, Code Enforcement Officer Rick Clark, Code Enforcement Specialist Joseph C. Gorney, UT Graduate Student Intern Shannon Burke, UT Graduate Student Intern Marilyn Pulliam Gretchen Pruett Mary Russo Joyce Scott Mark Shaffer Mike Sheppard Baker Simma Dennis Sustare Rick Thompson Marge Tripp Zettie Vogler Betty Weeks Rob Wendt Alan Wiley Wilbur Wilson Grace Young jj General Plan 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose 1 1.2 Introduction to the General Plan 1 1.3 Uses of the General Plan 1 1.4 History of the General Plan 2 1.5 The Planning Process 3 1.6 The Planning Area 6 1.7 Physical Setting 7 1.8 History 8 1.9 Development Constraints 9 CHAPTER 2: GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Vision Statement 12 2.3 Goals and Objectives 12 CHAPTER 3: COMMUNITY ANALYSIS 19 3.1 Introduction 19 3.2 Growth of Round Rock, 1960-1980 20 3.3 Growth of Round Rock, 1980-1990 21 3.4 Growth of Round Rock, 1990-98 22 3.5 Greater Round Rock, 2000-2020 28 CHAPTER 4: EXISTING LAND USE 32 4.1 Introduction 32 4.2 Land Use Inventory 34 4.3 Land Use Categories 35 4.4 Land Use Analysis 37 4.5 Zoning Inventory and Analysis 40 4.6 Summary 43 III General Plan 2000 CHAPTER 5: FUTURE LAND USE 44 5.1 Introduction 44 5.2 General Plan 2000 Assumptions 45 5.3 Development Evaluation Criteria 46 5.4 Plan Features 46 5.5 Land Use and Population Analysis 55 5.6 Compatibility Standards 57 5.7 Location Criteria & Development Standards for Multi -Family Structures 58 5.8 Future Land Use Map and Interpretation Policies 60 5.9 Plan/Map Amendment Policies 61 5.10 Summary 62 CHAPTER 6: COMMUNITY FACILITIES 63 6.1 Introduction 63 6.2 Fire Services 64 6.3 Police Services 65 6.4 Library Services 67 6.5 Parks and Recreation 69 6.6 Convention Center/Stadium Complex 75 6.7 Schools 75 6.8 Summary 79 CHAPTER 7: TRANSPORTATION 80 7.1 Introduction 80 7.2 Transportation Master Plan 80 7.3 Right -of -Way Protection 82 7.4 Functional Roadway Classification 82 7.5 Relationship of Land Use and Transportation 83 7.6 Multimodal Concerns and City Identity 85 7.7 National and Regional Context 86 7.8 Future Regional Concerns 87 7.9 Summary 88 CHAPTER 8: UTILITIES 89 8.1 Introduction 89 8.2 Water 89 8.3 Wastewater 94 iV General Plan 2000 8.4 Regional Stormwater Detention 98 8.5 Solid Waste Collection and Recycling 99 8.6 Future Considerations 99 8.7 Summary 100 CHAPTER 9: PARKS AND OPEN SPACE PLAN 101 CHAPTER 10: NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING 102 10.1 Introduction 102 10.2 Neighborhood Planning Program 103 10.3 Implementation Plans 104 10.4 Future Adoption Process 104 10.5 Community Development Programs 106 10.6 Summary 108 CHAPTER 11: ADOPTING ORDINANCE 109 V General Plan 2000 INTRODUCTION Preparing Round Rock for the 21't century 1.1 Purpose The Round Rock General Plan 2000 (hereinafter referred to as the "General Plan" or "the Plan") is the official policy document guiding long-range planning and community development in the City of Round Rock. Adopted by ordinance, and in accordance with Section 219.002 of the Texas Local Government Code, the General Plan provides the legal basis for Round Rock's zoning and subdivision regulations as well as other development regulations. The Plan sets forth the major goals and objectives that guide physical growth and community development in Round Rock. It incorporates community values, ideals, and aspirations and represents the community's vision for the future. Overall, the General Plan acts as a guide for decision-making and is a tool for managing community change and maintaining a desired quality of life. 1.2 Introduction to the General Plan The General Plan is the first step in reviewing existing planning policy for the City. It is a statement of public policy and forms the foundation of an ongoing planning process and the framework for more detailed plans in the future. Thus, the General Plan, both by definition and necessity, is general in nature, and sets forth the policies upon which future community plans and decisions will be made. While the General Plan is the foundation for the planning process, it is not a rigid document. Circumstances may change necessitating a change in policy inconsistent with ideas espoused in the Plan. In such cases, after careful analysis of new proposals, the General Plan should be amended to take advantage of new or changed conditions. 1.3 Uses of the General Plan The General Plan has four (4) essential uses: 1 INTRODUCTION • Policy Determination The General Plan includes a broad physical design for the community that provides for an orderly expansion of streets, utilities, and other capital improvements. It also assists in the coordination of public and private expenditures and the equitable cost sharing for capital expenditures. • Policy Implementation and Coordination The Plan indudes goals and objectives to guide the decisions of the City Council, the Planning and Zoning Commission, the Development Review Board, the Historic Preservation Commission, and City staff on individual development applications. The General Plan's goals and objectives ensure consistent decisions within the framework of stated City goals and policies. • Communication The Plan is a central source that delineates public policy for citizens, elected officials, City staff, the business community, and developers. • Measurement and Evaluation The Plan acts as a means to measure and evaluate the changing character and needs of the community. Both quantitative and qualitative information provide a rational and reasonable basis for future community decisions. Change is inevitable in any community. Round Rock has experienced tremendous growth since the 1990 General Plan was written. Maintaining a desired quality of life while balancing the needs of residents and businesses is a formidable challenge. The General Plan 2000 represents a collective effort by the community to meet this challenge. 1.4 History of the General Plan The Round Rock General Plan traces its roots to 1969. During that year the City used a comprehensive planning grant from the Department of Housing and Urban Development to develop the City's first general plan. Bernard Johnson Engineers, Incorporated, was hired as a consultant to write the plan. Although the resultant 1970 Comprehensive Plan was never formally adopted by the City Council, it was, nonetheless, a seminal work. Tangible evidence of the success of the Plan was the development and adoption of the City's first zoning ordinance, a zoning map, and a major revision of the subdivision ordinance. These ordinances helped establish development review criteria that were orderly, consistent, fair, and predictable. 2 INTRODUCTION Language from the zoning and subdivision ordinances of 1969 and 1970, respectively, remains integral to current ordinances. The 1970 Plan also described the major economic forces helping to shape the community. At the time, the Round Rock White Lime Company was the primary employment center in Round Rock, with approximately 100 employees. Prior to 1969, the lime plant covered the area roughly bounded by Interstate 35 to the east, Ranch -to - Market (RM) 620 to the north, St Williams Drive to the west, and McNeil Road to the south, an area of over 350 acres. The company had been responsible for a large part of previous growth and expected future company employment to increase. Its closure in 1969 due to noncompliance with Texas Aix Control Board standards was not anticipated by the City and was not reflected in the 1970 Plan. Ultimately, however, the plant closing produced no detrimental effects. On the contrary, starting in 1972, the Round Rock West subdivision was created out of the vacated plant property. Round Rock West, in turn, acted as a growth trigger, which when coupled with dose proximity to an expanding Austin metropolitan area, facilitated the City's expansion. During the ensuing decade from 1970 to 1980, the City grew by 9,929 people from 2,811 to 12,740. In September of 1979 the Frontiers General Plan was adopted. It included a seven page policy document along with an illustrative land use map to guide future land use and fiscal decisions within the City limits. The 1979 Plan contained sections covering parks, major thoroughfares, and land use. Much of the philosophy of the 1979 Plan was incorporated into a revision of the zoning ordinance in 1981. 1990 marked the first major update of the 1979 Frontiers Plan. One of the most significant aspects of the 1990 General Plan was a firm delineation of the official Round Rock extraterritorial jurisdiction (E 1)). ETJ authority is defined under Section 42.021 of the Texas Local Government Code. In 1990, it was further defined by agreements with neighboring communities, particularly Austin, Leander, Georgetown, and Hutto. Now, for the first time, the City could adopt an authoritative land use map for the entire Planning Area which included both the areas within the present city limits and the ETJ. Whereas previous planning maps were illustrative, the 1990 Planning Area map was well defined and coterminous with other jurisdictions. The General Plan 2000 continues the evolution of planning in Round Rock. The Plan captures the ideas and conclusions of the community, acknowledges the importance of citizen participation, and addresses community development challenges typically associated with larger cities. 1.5 The Planning Process The General Plan encompasses goals and objectives affecting the entirety of Round Rock. It was therefore important to integrate all segments of the community into the 3 INTRODUCTION General Plan 2000 revision. The process included identification of citizen concerns and the creation of a vision for the City's future. Citizen ideas were then used by elected representatives and City staff to devise goals and objectives. To facilitate the integration of citizen ideas and concerns into the General Plan 2000, the Planning and Community Development Department staff devised a five-step process: STEP ONE - CITY SEMINAR This three session staff led educational seminar held in the Spring of 1998 spearheaded the revision effort. It provided citizens with sufficient knowledge of City funding, management, services, and plans to be effective participants in the subsequent Planning and Design Workshops (Step Three). In order to participate in the smaller Planning and Design Workshops, citizens were required to attend all three City Seminar sessions. Results: One hundred and thirty citizens attended at least one of the three City Seminar sessions. Sessions were aired on community access television for increased participation. In addition, videotapes of the sessions were placed at the City library where approximately 25 citizens borrowed them for viewing. Of the 130 attendees, 66 were eligible for and chose to continue their participation in the Planning and Design Workshops. STEP TWO - CITY SURVEYS Two scientifically conducted telephone surveys were performed in the Spring of 1998 by the polling firm Jeff Montgomery and Associates, Incorporated. The first surveyed attitudes and opinions about City services and Round Rock's quality of life. The second surveyed attitudes and opinions about planning issues in Round Rock. Respondents were selected by means of a random sample. Results: Eight hundred Round Rock residents were surveyed, with 400 responding to each survey. Survey responses led to the selection of the four planning topic areas addressed at the Planning and Design Workshops (Step Three). Survey results were also used by the Mayor and City Council to identify goals and objectives for the General Plan 2000 (Step Four). Survey results are available for review at the Planning and Community Development Department in City Hall, 221 East Main Street STEP THREE - PLANNING AND DESIGN WORKSHOPS In the Summer of 1998, planning consultant, J.D. Wilson and Associates, facilitated six separate Planning and Design Workshops to gather citizen input for the General Plan 4 INTRODUCTION 2000. The first session was held in the City Council chambers and introduced the four topic areas identified from the City surveys: • Community Identity and Appearance • Adjacency of Land Uses to Single Family Development • Transportation/Roadway Implications for Development • Housing Opportunities Participants viewed a slide presentation of actual developments that illustrated both successful and unsuccessful attempts to address each topic area. Examples were drawn from cities and towns across the United States. Discussion then shifted to a "visioning" exercise where citizens formulated a statement of how they would like Round Rock to be described in ten years. These comments became the basis for a vision statement later refined by the City Council. After attending the introductory session, participants attended one of four Saturday workshops; each workshop addressed one of the four topic areas. The workshops gave participants the opportunity to address key planning and design issues facing Round Rock. The consultants facilitated discussion among participants and then developed a list of ideas and conclusions that emerged from the discussion. Finally, a summary workshop marked the completion of this series. Two participants from each Saturday workshop presented their findings to the City Council and the public. Results: Sixty-six citizens participated, with an average of seventeen attending each of the four topic -specific Saturday workshops. Each workshop featured a cross section of participants from various neighborhoods and backgrounds. Ideas and conclusions generated at the workshops provided the City Council with a foundation to identify goals and objectives for the General Plan 2000. A summary report of the work accomplished at the Planning and Design Workshops is contained in Appendix A. STEP FOUR - COUNCIL GOALS WORKSHOP In August of 1998, policy consultant, Louis Fox of Urban Advisory Services, facilitated a goal setting workshop for the Mayor, City Council, and staff department directors. Citizen comments from the City surveys and the Planning and Design Workshops were used to identify a broad set of goals and objectives for the General Plan 2000. In 5 INTRODUCTION addition, the City Council developed a vision statement for the Plan based on input from the Planning and Design Workshops. Results: Following citizen feedback from a public hearing, a resolution was approved by the City Council in October 1998 adopting the goals and objectives for the General Plan 2000. STEP FIVE - EXISTING PLAN UPDATES Revising the technical aspects of the 1990 General Plan was largely a function of the Planning and Community Development Department Planning staff also incorporated elements of the City's new Transportation Master Plan into the General Plan 2000 to broaden its scope. In addition, the City's new Parks and Open Space Plan will be incorporated into the General Plan 2000. Upon completion by the Parks and Recreation Department, the Parks and Open Space Plan will become Chapter 9 of the General Plan 2000. Results: After citizen review, the General Plan 2000 was formally adopted by the City Council in June 1999. The Plan reflects Round Rock's history, existing conditions, and its view for the future. 1.6 The Planning Area The General Plan 2000 study area, hereafter referred to as the Planning Area, is the entire geographic area within Round Rock's city limits and extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ)• Most of the Planning Area interfaces with the jurisdictions of adjacent communities, including Austin, Cedar Park, Georgetown, Hutto, Leander, and Pflugerville. Thus, the Planning Area chosen for this Plan closely approximates the ultimate city limits for the City of Round Rock. The present city limits and ETJ are shown on Map 1.1. Present city limits encompass 23 square miles while the ETJ includes an additional 47 square miles for a total of 70 square miles in the Planning Area. Land uses were surveyed in December 1998. Community demographic analysis was based on numerous sources including the following: • 1990 U.S. Census • Texas State Data Center population estimates and demographic trends • Texas Water Development Board population projections • Department of Housing and Urban Development demographic estimates • City staff housing unit population estimates 6 INTRODUCTION 1.7 Physical Setting LOCATION The City of Round Rock is located in southern Williamson County, fifteen miles north of Austin, the state capital, and ten miles south of Georgetown, the county seat. Williamson County is the northern county of the three -county Austin Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which also indudes Travis and Hays counties. Round Rock is situated on Interstate 35 at the junction of Williamson and Travis Counties. Round Rock lies 186 miles south of Dalla_s,178 miles east of Houston, and 96 miles northeast of San Antonio. Round Rock's proximity to Austin and its location along Interstate 35, often considered the "Main Street" of Texas, provides both growth pressures and opportunities for the City. TRANSPORTATION A number of federal and state highways connect Round Rock with Texas' principal metropolitan areas. Interstate 35 links Round Rock with Austin and San Antonio to the south, and Waco and Dallas -Fort Worth to the north. US 290 terminates in Houston and is accessible from Round Rock through Austin. US 79 provides access to east Texas from central Round Rock. US 183, the second major north -south route in the region, some eight miles to the west, serves as a primary carrier and development corridor for the Austin metropolitan area. Its southern segment reaches the Corpus Christi area. RM 620 originates in central Round Rock and extends to Highway 71 and the Highland Lakes area of the Texas Hill Country. The Union Pacific and Georgetown Railroad companies operate rail lines within Round Rock. The Georgetown line is parallel to and west of Interstate 35. It runs south from Georgetown to a point approximately 2,000 feet north of Sam Bass Road. From that point, the line is under the operation of Union Pacific. The Union Pacific line continues south until the intersection of McNeil Road and Interstate 35 where it connects with an east -west Union Pacific line. The east -west line runs parallel to McNeil Road and East Palm Valley Boulevard. Union Pacific provides freight service for Round Rock and the Austin metropolitan area. Other transportation facilities include the new Austin -Bergstrom International Airport, twenty-two miles south of Round Rock, which opened in May 1999. It provides full commercial air services throughout the United States and abroad. The former Robert Mueller Airport in Austin will be reconfigured for a variety of uses. Georgetown and Taylor Municipal Airports lie within a fifteen -mile radius of Round Rock. Each airport can accommodate general aviation. 7 INTRODUCTION PHYSIOGRAPHY The City of Round Rock is situated on the Balcones Escarpment, a geologic fault line that marks the transition from Hill Country to Blackland Prairie. The Hill Country, west of Round Rock, is predominately ranch land and includes a number of major quarrying operations. Much of the land to the east is rich Blackland Prairie and is actively farmed. The City straddles Brushy Creek and three of its main branches: Chandler Creek, Onion Creek and Lake Creek. These streams are associated with substantial floodplain in some areas. The topography of Round Rock is level to rolling with elevations ranging from 960 feet above sea level in the northwest corner of the ETJ to 650 feet near the eastern city limits along Brushy Creek. The downtown area is approximately 700 feet above sea level. SOILS The Balcones Escarpment accounts for the diverse character of the soils in the Round Rock area. The Houston, Austin, and Castephen soils of the Blackland Prairie comprise most of the cultivated area east of the City. These deep soils are high in organic matter and retain moisture. West of the City the surface material consists of the generally thin and stony soils of the Eckrant and Georgetown series. These are underlain by commonly exposed limestone bedrock, characteristic of the Edwards Aquifer. CLIMATE The climate of southern Williamson County is temperate, with mild winters and hot summers. The region has a mean annual temperature of 67 degrees, with an average January low of 35 degrees Fahrenheit and an average July high of 97 degrees Fahrenheit The prevailing winds from the southeast bring warm, tropical air masses from the Gulf of Mexico. These are displaced in the winter months by periodic outbreaks of cold arctic air from the north. Annual precipitation averages 34 inches with virtually none of it falling as snow. The average growing season is 258 days and extends from March through November. 1.8 History Native Americans were the first to occupy the area, including the Tonkawas, Lipan Apaches, Comanches, and Tawakonis of Caddoan stock. The first Anglo settlers began arriving in the early 1830's and built Kenney Fort, site of the famous Archives War, on the south side of the Brushy Creek. In 1851 the original town, called Brushy, 8 INTRODUCTION was established on the north side of the creek near the "round rock" where the famed Chisholm Trail crossed Brushy Creek. In 1854, the town of Brushy was renamed Round Rock and continued to serve as a stop on the Chisholm Trail until the early 1870's. In 1876, the residents moved the town three-quarters of a mile east to take advantage of the newly constructed International and Great Northern Railroad Line (later known as the Missouri -Pacific, and then the Union Pacific) which by-passed the "old town." Round Rock was officially incorporated in 1913. The 1920 U.S. Census reported its population as 900. The subsequent fifty-year period was characterized by gradual growth so that by 1970 Round Rock registered a population of 2,811. Since 1970 Round Rock has experienced a nearly twenty -fold increase in population and is now the largest city in Williamson County. Round Rock, with an estimated April 1999 population of 52,040, has helped make Williamson County one of the fastest growing counties in Texas and the nation. During the 1990's, Round Rock transitioned from a bedroom community of Austin to a major employment center featuring high technology, health services, and light industry. Dell Computer Corporation is Round Rock's largest employer with over 7,000 employees. The number of Dell employees in Round Rock will increase after the completion of the eastern and northern campus expansions. Other major proposed developments in Round Rock include a Scott and White Hospital and regional medical complex, a 7,500 seat convention center/stadium complex that will be home to a AA minor league affiliate of the Houston Astros, and a 307 acre regional shopping and business complex, all of which will further diversify Round Rock's economic base. 1.9 Development Constraints The constraints on development in Round Rock fall into three categories: jurisdictional, physical, and functional. JURISDICTIONAL CONSTRAINTS Jurisdictional boundaries are the first and foremost development constraint on Round Rock. Round Rock's city limits and ETJ abut those of the surrounding cities and towns: Austin to the south and west, Cedar Park and Leander to the west, Georgetown to the north, Hutto to the east, and Pflugerville to the south. The result is a clearly defined and limited geographic area available for expansion and development Map 1.1 shows the Round Rock ETJ. 9 INTRODUCTION PHYSICAL. CONSTRAINTS The second type of constraint consists of the physical limitations imposed by the creeks and their associated floodplains. Approximately 1330 acres of land within the current corporate area and the ETJ fall within floodplains. Occasional heavy rainfalls in Central Texas saturate and flood substantial areas of floodplain including not only the creek systems of the area but also a number of minor drainage courses feeding the creek systems. The protection of these drainage areas from development is a prime consideration affecting City growth. Additionally, the primary creeks and their associated floodplains present substantial natural barriers to continuous surface transportation systems. The major floodplain areas are shown on Map 1.1. These physical constraints also provide an excellent opportunity for environmental improvements by utilizing floodplains for open space, trail development, and habitat preservation. Shallow soils and bedrock, along with the Edwards Aquifer Recharge Zone, occur in the western portion of the City and its ETJ. Because of the attendant environmental and construction implications, development costs are often higher in the Recharge Zone. FUNCTIONAL CONSTRAINTS Functional constraints include existing major transportation routes. Railways and highways act as physical barriers between various sections of a city. These barriers disrupt the continuity of development and, because of their right-of-way requirements, significantly decrease the acreage available for development In Round Rock, the Union Pacific Railroad, Georgetown Railroad, and Interstate 35 pose formidable obstacles to a unified urban spatial pattern. However, these functional constraints can provide unique opportunities for the economic growth of the City by utilizing these transportation corridors for intensified land uses, such as rail stations, regional shopping centers, or industrial parks. 10 + ` Of �� �� E I s } 1 is ra a ,'t WIN �r :k r �<' t r a a l C � > r {+ 4 t j s - VON- son yy t i < i i 5 z r . til- yy a e _ r t # OC Av r r 1 Mww ri fly! r. z, w • { f{'.t i`., —Ulfir.! �,' , i l y ! 3 + lit F e ��l l 1 .j w_w mx r � � } I ; t QM z. �, WYr v 03 f ry w N n �w r E r •". m�'�'m.&h'r'<<e,manmas+'m mr'm'="'m� GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Defininggoals and objectives based on citizen concerns 2.1 Introduction The vision statement, goals, and objectives contained within this chapter are the result of the collective ideas and energies of numerous citizens, elected officials, and City staff. While the vision statement represents an image of what Round Rock should strive to become in the future, the goals and objectives are a long-range statement of public policy. As such, they are the foundation of the General Plan 2000 and provide a focus for the information contained in Chapters 3 through 11. Thought of another way, the goals and objectives represent a litmus test against which we compare other portions of the Plan. Goals and objectives provide the basis for guiding future development in Round Rock. But a mere desire for change will not necessarily lead to the achievement of a community vision. Implementation tools, such as the City's Strategic Plan, new or revised development standards, neighborhood action plans, and special area studies provide the means to achieve this vision. The City's Strategic Plan will serve as the most significant mechanism to ensure the timely implementation of the General Plan 2000's adopted goals and objectives. Within a specified time period, the Strategic Plan will implement each goal and objective listed herein. When the goals and objectives of the General Plan are integrated with subsequent plans and ordinances, the community vision, goals, and objectives are preserved and made viable over time. More specifically, consistent plans and ordinances help the City grow in an orderly fashion, preserve our neighborhoods and historic areas, revitalize or improve existing areas, and ensure new development is compatible with current development. Only when such changes have occurred will a community vision be realized. 11 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 2.2 Vision Statement Round Rock is a diverse, historic, and family-oriented community with a distinct identity as a desirable place to live, work, and play. Residents, government, and business are committed to working together to build a more viable community. 2.3 Goals and Objectives Transportation Goal 1 Round Rock will ensure a safe and efficient transportation system that provides increased access and mobility for all residents. Transportation and land use policies will maximize the efficiency of our system at both the local and regional levels. OBJECTIVES 1.1. Ensure a local transportation system, which includes roadways, sidewalks, bike lanes, and hike/bike trails, that provides citizens with options to drive, walk, and bike to local destinations safely and efficiently. 1.2. Strengthen roadway and parking standards to include design features that enhance safety and circulation and provide buffering for residential neighborhoods. 1.3. Study the feasibility of developing a local transit system to provide additional transportation choices for citizens. 1.4. Protect the function of the City's arterial roadway system by adopting land use and access policies that concentrate high intensity land uses, minimize strip development, and limit direct driveway access and curb cuts along major roadways. 1.5. Encourage a blending of land uses to promote easy access to work and shopping from residential areas. 1.6. Require traffic impact analyses for new developments that will generate high volumes of traffic. 1.7. Provide leadership in the development of State Highway 45 and State Highway 130. 12 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1.8. Explore options for participating in a regional rail system. Citizen Involvement Goal 2 Round Rock will develop dear avenues of communication with citizens. OBJECTIVES: 2.1. Engage citizens in an ongoing dialogue about City policies and programs to instill an attitude of trust and understanding in local decision making. 2.2. Use appropriate types of media, including local access television and the City's internet website, to keep citizens apprised of public hearings and other forums for citizen involvement Utilities & Drainage Goal 3 Round Rock will provide efficient utility services and drainage systems with future land use needs in mind. Utility service extension policies will be coordinated with the City's financial capacity. OBJECTIVES: 3.1. Ensure that municipal utility and drainage systems are sized to accommodate future development without compromising service to existing customers. 3.2. Provide leadership in developing a regional water system. 3.3. Continually improve and maintain utility and drainage systems. 3.4. Develop a "reuse" water utility. 13 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 3.5. Continually work with other public utilities to promote high quality service to customers. 3.6. Use a cost-effective business management approach to provide City utility service. Economic Development Goal 4 Round Rock will expand and diversify its economic base to provide greater employment opportunities, access to a broader range of goods and services, and an increased non-residential tax base to lessen the tax burden on homeowners. OBJECTIVES: 4.1. Expand recruitment efforts to include non -high technology industries, thus decreasing the City's strong dependence on the high technology sector. 4.2. Explore the potential for attracting additional retail, business services, and hotel/motel establishments. 4.3. Develop economic development policies that ensure high quality development Neighborhood Preservation Goal 5 Round Rock will strengthen policies and programs that preserve neighborhood integrity. Round Rock will establish and adhere to strong development standards to reduce future maintenance costs. OBJECTIVES: 5.1. Reinvest in the infrastructure of the City's older areas. 5.2. Ensure strong, consistent code enforcement to maintain neighborhood integrity. 5.3. Investigate methods and incentives to bring existing developed property into conformity with new ordinances. 14 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 5.4. Ensure that non-residential uses, higher density residential development, and roadways are compatible with adjacent single-family neighborhoods by requiring new or increased design and buffering standards. 5.5. Avoid the creation of large concentrations of apartments in any one area of the City. 5.6. Continue the Neighborhood Planning Program to facilitate neighborhood based initiatives to define problems, establish priorities, and develop solutions for specific neighborhood concerns. 5.7. Encourage the use of landscape materials that are native and drought tolerant to provide for better long-term maintenance. 5.8. Strengthen building and fencing maintenance requirements. HISTORIC PRESERVATION Goal 6 Round Rock will protect and enhance its historic areas. OBJECTIVES: 6.1. Explore the development of new historic districts, including one along the Palm Valley corridor. 6.2. Enhance Round Rock's historic districts to preserve their identity. 6.3. Develop long term goals for the City's historic districts in an effort to promote their economic viability. 15 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES City Identity & Appearance Goal 7 Round Rock will emphasize its role as a strong residential community and a major employer in the Central Texas region by strengthening and enhancing the City's identity and visual appearance. OBJECTIVES: 7.1. Establish significant entry signs using native materials, landscaping, and appropriate lighting at the edge of the extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ) on major roadway entrances into Round Rock. 7.2. Consider the development of new special districts along major transportation corridors with increased landscaping, architectural, and signage standards. 7.3. Develop architectural, building articulation, site -plan, and streetscaping standards to enhance overall City appearance, particularly for developments along key corridors. 7.4. Increase landscaping standards and provide for increased street trees in appropriate areas. Intergovernmental Cooperation Goal 8 Round Rock will encourage cooperation and collaboration with local governments and institutions. OBJECTIVES: 8.1. Improve communications between City of Round Rock officials and School District officials to coordinate land use, transportation, and facility -siting plans. 8.2. Increase cooperation with neighboring communities to facilitate a coordinated approach to regional planning issues. 16 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Parks, Open Space, and the Environment Goal 9 Round Rock will continue to acquire and maintain open space for parks, greenbelts, and recreational facilities using existing natural features whenever possible. OBJECTIVES: 9.1. Update the Parks Development Guide to include an implementation program for the development of hike/bike trails, neighborhood parks, community parks, preserves, and natural areas. 9.2. Regularly update plans to address specific needs for additional sports fields and practice areas. 9.3. Continue to acquire parkland through the developer dedication process when appropriate. When necessary, purchase land that has potential recreational value. Housing Opportunities Goal 10 Round Rock will reaffirm its commitment to diverse housing opportunities. OBJECTIVES: 10.1. Ensure the availability and affordability of a variety of housing for all Round Rock citizens, including the young, elderly, singles, families, and citizens with special needs. 10.2. Encourage a mix of affordability throughout the City. 10.3. Distribute housing types throughout the City, without concentrating any particular type of housing within one area of the City. 10.4. Encourage creative non-profit/for-profit partnerships to develop workforce housing with the appropriate services sited nearby (daycare, health-care and elder -care, etc.). 17 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Social & Community Services Goal 11 Round Rock will accommodate the social and community services needed by our expanding population. OBJECTIVES: 11.1. Encourage support for the needs of citizens by allowing for the availability of housing with dose proximity to daycare, senior centers, schools, and health care. 11.2. Establish partnerships between the City, local businesses, and social service providers to address social service needs. 11.3. Maintain a safe environment for all citizens and aggressively address criminal activity throughout the City by developing partnerships with the community. Public Facilities Goal 12 Round Rock will provide facilities to meet the needs of both residents and city employees. OBJECTIVES: 12.1. Ensure City facilities and equipment meet the needs of City employees and City residents with attention to maintenance, modernization, and expansion. 12.2. Ensure funding for the scheduled openings and operations of new public facilities. 18 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS Assessing Round Rock's growth trends to forecast future development 3.1 Introduction Community analysis serves as the basis for most major planning decisions. By examining the historical and current characteristics of a community, decision - makers are able to identify needs and opportunities for the community and determine demand for future land development and associated municipal services. This chapter discusses Round Rock's historical development, its current population characteristics, and its projected future growth. Since the 185O's, Round Rock has evolved from a stagecoach stop along the Chisholm Trail to a sleepy farming town to a bedroom community of Austin. Round Rock has recently emerged as a mostly self-sufficient city with a strong high technology employment base. With an estimated population of 52,040 in April 1999, Round Rock is the largest city in Williamson County and the second largest city in the Austin Metropolitan Statistical Area. Figure 3.1 depicts the official U.S. Census counts for Round Rock since its inception, showing the dramatic growth since 1970. Figure 3.1 Round Rock Population Growth, 1850 -1999 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,040„,,,4ble e° Otis ,y O°' to AI° 0 °°° �,yO° iib �l%,�° X41. 9°° �k ^tid saOO 0, ft” 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1900 1990 1999• * The 1999 population figure is estimated. Source: U.S. Census Bureau and City of Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department 19 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS 3.2 Growth of Round Rock, 1960-1980 Prior to the 1960's, Round Rock exhibited steady but moderate growth. While 1960 Census data for Round Rock are limited, 1970 Census data clearly show that significant changes took place in the previous decade. The most notable occurrence was that over fifty percent of Round Rock's 1970 population had arrived from outside the City. It should also be noted that the 1960's included the construction of Interstate 35, placing Round Rock in a strategic location for development While there was a surge in industrial and commercial activity in the latter half of the decade, housing remained the City's mainstay economic activity, reflecting Round Rock's status as a bedroom community of Austin. During the 1970's, Round Rock outpaced the growth of all cities of at least 1,000 persons in the Austin metropolitan area. Round Rock's compound annual growth rate of over sixteen percent resulted in a 353 percent increase in total population for the decade, growing from 2,811 persons in 1970 to 12,740 by 1980. Based upon Williamson County's 1970 to 1980 net migration rate, it is estimated that 82 percent of the 10,000 people added to the City resulted from in -migration. By 1980, Round Rock had established itself as the largest city in Williamson County and a viable growth center within the flourishing Austin metropolitan area. The rapid rise in population during the 1970's placed tremendous pressure on the City's utilities. As a result, Round Rock wells ran dry in 1978. This crisis prompted the City to focus on expanding its water resources and to aggressively plan for future growth. These efforts allowed Round Rock to meet the extraordinary demands placed on its utilities during the 1980's. The decade of the 1970's also brought about a notable change in the mixture of Round Rock's housing stock. Ninety-six percent of dwelling units in 1970 were single-family homes. By 1980, single-family homes represented only 83 percent of total residential units. A growing population, spurred by heavy in -migration, decreasing persons per household, and an increase in household formations, contributed to the rise in number and shift in mixture of the City's housing stock. 20 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS 3.3 Growth of Round Rock, 1980-1990 During the 1980's, Round Rock's population increased by over 18,000 persons, almost Mph/1g in size from 12,740 persons in 1980 to 30,923 by 1990. During this time, Round Rock continued to surpass the growth rates of all cities in the Austin metropolitan area with 1980 Census populations of at least 1,000 persons. Round Rock averaged a nearly ten percent annual growth rate between 1980 and 1990, 50 percent higher than that of the next fastest growing cities in Williamson County. Over half of the City's 18,000 new residents located here during 1984 and 1985. The pace of growth slowed tremendously in the late 1980's due to a depressed economy statewide. Table 3.1 shows the tremendous growth of the City during the 1980's. Table 3.1 Round Rock Population Change, 1980 -1990 Year Population Numeric Change Percent Change 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 12,740 - 12,889 149 1.2% 13,038 149 1.2% 13,186 148 1.1% 15,261 2,075 15.7% 20,864 5,603 36.7% 26,725 5,861 28.1% 29,303 2,578 9.6% 30,312 1,009 3.4% 30,587 275 0.9% 30,923 336 1.1% Source: City of Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department Coupled with the growth in population, Round Rock's economy also experienced significant gains during the 1980's. The location of major employers to Round Rock, such as Tellabs, Farmers Insurance Group, Cypress Semiconductor, AMP Packaging Systems, and DuPont Photomasks, contributed greatly to increases in employment. From 1980 to 1990, the number of employed persons steadily increased by an average of twelve percent a year, equaling over 1,000 newly employed persons per year. While 21 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS there was an economic slow -down in the latter part of the decade, Round Rock continued to consistently record lower unemployment rates than those of the entire State. The diversification of the City's housing stock continued in the 1980's, with considerable duplex and multi -family construction. As shown in Table 3.2, over 40 percent of the 7,746 residential building permits issued from 1980 to 1989 were for multi -family or duplex units. Table 3.2 Residential Building Permits by Type of Housing, 1980-1989 Single family Homes Multi family Units Duplex Units 4,470 2,120 1,156 Source: City of Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department 3.4 Growth of Round Rock, 1990-98 The 1990's began much as the 1980's ended, with the City's economy still sltixish due to the statewide recession. By 1993, however, the Austin area economy was recovering and Round Rock began to see significant increases in residential activity. As Table 3.3 reveals, the number of single-family building permits issued rose from 540 in 1992 to 989 in 1993. Single-family construction continued at this strong pace over the next several years, averaging almost 950 building permits per year from 1994 through 1997. In 1998, this number reached a high of 1,502. With low interest rates and a healthy economy, single-family construction is expected to remain active through 1999. Beginning in 1994, Round Rock also began to experience increases in multi -family construction, with an average of 416 multi -family units coming on line annually from 1994 through 1997. While there was a slight decline in multi -family activity in 1998 with only 160 units constructed, several apartment complexes are expected to be completed in 1999. Despite these gains in multi -family construction, single-family units still represented the vast majority (78 percent) of residential building permits issued from January 1990 through December 1998. Multi -family units constituted twenty percent of all residential permits issued during this period while duplexes represented two percent. 22 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS Table 3.3 Residential Building Permits by Type of Housing, 1990-1998 Year Single family Homes Multi family Units. Duplex Units 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 128 0 0 238 0 0 540 0 0 989 0 5 840 324 5 957 512 15 944 356 57 1,023 472 12 1,502 160 60 Source: City of Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department Table 3.4 Round Rock Population Change, 1990 -1999 Year Population (ielpti Numeric Change Percent Change 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 30,923 - - 32,213 1,290 4.2% 33,769 1,556 4.8% 36,139 2,370 7.0% 39,457 3,318 9.2% 41,631 2,174 5.5% 43,895 2,264 5.4% 46,485 2,590 5.9% 49,020 2,535 5.5% 52,040 3,020 6.2% Source: City of Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department 23 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS Reflecting the boom in residential construction, the population of Round Rock grew by 68 percent from 1990 to 1999, increasing from a 1990 population of 30,923 to 52,040 as of April 1999. Table 3.4 shows the steady rise in population from 1990 through 1999 as estimated by the Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department. Round Rock's unemployment rate fell throughout most of the 1990's, thus providing further evidence of the City's growing economy. According to the Texas Workforce Commission, the unemployment rate in Round Rock was 1.5 percent as of December 1998. This is over three percentage points lower than the 4.8 percent unemployment rate of June 1990. As Figure 3.2 indicates, the unemployment rate has not exceeded three percent since June 1992. Figure 3.2 Round Rock Unemployment Rate, 1990 -1998 6.0 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 % 1.0 % 0.0 % 0\0 1°\' eyr0 4\° '`o ey. 0 ti �yey o\, 0\0o\, A. fy o\, ,y ^h 0 Ci v 7 N N M e7 er et V) VO N N. 00 00 • Oi Oi Clic O� OI O, CI• G1 41;c; To O, 7 v ▪ = 4 7 v • v :y iw v o A ti a ti „ 11' ti • A ti • a 0 Source: Texas Workforce Commission A major factor in the declining unemployment rate and the strength of the overall economy in Round Rock has been the success of Dell Computer Corporation. Since beginning its corporate headquarters relocation to Round Rock in 1993, Dell has experienced tremendous growth in the computer industry, providing thousands of jobs at the corporate office complex and serving as a magnet for other high technology businesses to locate in Round Rock. In addition to Dell, a number of other significant employers located in Round Rock during the 1990's. These include Michael Angelo Gourmet Foods, Cintas Corporation, MagRabbit, 151 Tech Molding, Photronics, DuPont Photomasks (world headquarters), Trend Technologies, and MaxServ. 24 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS Table 3.5 Change in Median Household Income by Census Tract, 1990-1997 Census Tract Number of Median Household Income Change Hourehoklr 1990 1990* 1997 Numeric Percent 215.02 207.03 208.98 205.01 203.10 18.36 205.03 215.03 206.02 215.01 207.02 207.01 206.01 205.04 1,202 $37,256 $47,339 $10,083 27.06% 637 $52,276 $63,671 $11,395 21.80% 1,702 $43,040 $50,439 $7,399 17.19% 799 $62,212 $72,389 $10,177 16.36% 792 $74,653 $78,443 $3,790 5.08% 1,868 $50,840 $52,000 $1,160 2.28% 1,508 $69,285 $68,740 -$545 -0.79% 1,327 $35,267 $34,375 4892 -2.53% 790 $35,712 $34,782 4930 -2.60% 971 $48,958 $47,237 -$1,721 -3.52% 2,053 $41,892 $39,879 -$2,013 4.81% 968 $25,776 $23,976 -$1,800 -6.98% 888 $72,846 $66,661 -$6,185 -8.49% 1,399 $39,979 $35,942 -$4,037 -10.10% * 1990 figures have been adjusted for inflation and are presented here in 1997 dollars. Source: Department of Housing and Urban Development Another indication of Round Rock's economic growth in the 1990's is the increase in family and household incomes. According to the 1990 Census, the median family income in Round Rock was $36,730. The reported median family income for Round Rock in January 1999 was $55,400. Even with adjustments for inflation, this represents an increase of over $5,000. However, a more detailed look at change in income reveals that some areas of Round Rock have actually experienced a decline in income. Using median household income estimates provided by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Table 3.5 shows the difference between 1990 Census data and 1997 HUD estimates for those Census Tracts that comprise the greater Round Rock area. Map 3.1, which follows, shows the location of these Census Tracts in relation to the Round Rock extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ). 25 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS Accompanying Round Rock's growth has been a slight increase in the diversity of the City's ethnic composition. Using estimates from HUD, Table 3.6 shows that most of the Round Rock area Census Tracts have experienced a slight increase in minority residents as a percentage of the total population from 1990 to 1997. Table 3.6 also indicates that these increases are occurring citywide and are not concentrated in areas already comprised of significant minority populations. It should be noted that the most recent and most accurate count of Round Rock residents is the 1990 Census. According to that information, the City's population in 1990 was 74.5 percent white, 18.7 percent Hispanic, 5.3 percent black, and 1.1 percent Asian or Pacific Islander. Table 3.6 Change in Minority Population by Census Tract, 1990 -1997 Cowls Tract 1990 1997 1990 Minority 1997 Estimated Change in Minority Total Estimated Population Minority Population Percent of Total Census Population Total Tract Population Population Persons Percent of Persons Percent of Total Total 207.03 1,917 2,447 168 8.8% 317 13.0% +4.2% 18.36 5,659 8,970 882 15.6% 1733 19.3% +3.7% 215.01 2,837 5,013 259 9.1% 571 11.4% +2.3% 215.02 3,721 4,667 567 15.2% 807 17.3% +2.1% 205.03 5,002 6,674 327 6.5% 546 8.2% +1.6% 207.02 5,435 9,802 833 15.3% 1,630 16.6% +1.3% 215.03 3,457 4,450 422 12.2% 597 13.4% +1.2% 203.10 2,464 3,766 118 4.8% 222 5.9% +1.1% 206.02 2,499 4,439 507 20.3% 948 21.4% +1.1% 205.01 2,508 3,191 336 13.4% 442 13.9% +0.5% 205.04 4,093 6,191 738 18.0% 1,136 18.3% +0.3% 208.98 4,987 7,289 611 12.3% 812 11.1% -1.1% 207.01 2,716 3,477 865 31.8% 1,048 30.1% -1.7% 206.01 2,417 4,360 282 11.7% 395 9.1% -2.6% Source: U.S. Census Bureau and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 26 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS Map 3.1 City of Round Rock Census Tracts & ETJ 27 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS 3.5 Greater Round Rock, 2000-2020 Looking beyond 2000, Round Rock is expected to continue to grow at a steady pace. Population projections and growth rates vary depending on the methodology used, but all of the projections show the City's population approaching 100,000 by the year 2020. Tables 3.7 and 3.8 list the projected City population and average annual growth rates, respectively, from 2000 to 2020 as forecasted by the different methodologies employed for this study. The linear method assumes that the population will continue to grow at the same pace as it did from 1980 to 1998, with consistent increases in population over time. The quadratic method also uses the 1980 to 1998 trend as a basis for projection, although this method allows for a slight decline in population increases over time. The third column in Tables 3.7 and 3.8 represents projections based on the assumptions for population growth established in the 1990 General Plan. These assumptions were derived from historical growth trends from the early 1960's to the late 1980's. Projections based on these assumptions have been adjusted to match current population estimates. Table 3.7 Population Projections (City Limits), 2000 - 2020 Year Linear Quadratic 1990 General Plan 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 53,286 53,037 52,990 63,951 62,935 63,971 74,615 72,627 76,480 85,280 82,114 90,667 95,945 91,396 106,561 Source: City of Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department Table 3.8 Projected Average Annual Growth Rates (City Limits), 2001 - 2020 Year Linear Quadratic 1990 General Plan 2001 - 2005 2006 - 2010 2011 - 2015 2016 - 2020 3.7% 3.9% 3.8% 3.1% 3.2% 3.6% 2.7% 2.7% 3.5% 2.4% 2.3% 3.3% Source: City of Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department 28 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS The different methodological projections are presented graphically in Figure 3.3. This figure also includes projections made in association with the 1998 Round Rock Comprehensive Transportation Master Plan. This projection includes the entire Planning Area as defined in Chapter 1. 125,000 Figure 3.3 Population Projections, 2000 - 2020 115,000 — 105,000 95,000 85,000 75,000 65,000 78,394 89,230 99,836 110,213 120,361 106,561 95,945 4,615 72,627 63,971 53,286 55,000 63,951 62,935 53,037 52 990 45,000 2000 2005 2010 114 91,396 2015 2020 --111-1998 Trasportation Master Plan (accounts for entire Planning Area) —4-1998 Projections with 1990 Assumptions (city limits only) —iii—Round Rock 1998 Linear Regression (city limits only) --Round Rock 1998 Quadratic Regression (city limits only) 29 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS FUTURE ANNEXATIONS AND PHYSICAL GROWTH Round Rock is also expected to experience significant physical growth over the next twenty years, with the city limits encompassing almost the entire Planning Area by 2020. Maps 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4 at the end of this chapter depict the estimated municipal boundaries of Round Rock for the years 2003, 2010, and 2020, respectively. 2003 PHYSICAL BOUNDARIES (MAP 3.2) By 2003, Round Rock is expected to annex a significant amount of acreage, particularly in the southern and eastern portions of the City. In southwest Round Rock, the addition of the approximately 320 acre La Frontera development and adjacent properties extends the corporate boundaries to FM 1325 and the southern ETJ line. The city limits will also be extended to the southern ETJ line east of Interstate 35 as tracts south of Louis Henna Boulevard are annexed into the City. The City expects to annex several large tracts that are currently surrounded by city limits. A number of tracts between Gattis School Road and Brushy Creek and several tracts bordering Oak Bluff Estates will be annexed within the next five years. With the exception of the Westview subdivision south of Gattis School Road, the city limits will then extend uninterrupted to County Road (CR) 122 along Gattis School Road and to the eastern ETJ line north and east of Oak Bluff Estates. A significant factor in the anticipated growth of the eastern portions of the City is the construction of the convention center/stadium complex on the eastern border of Old Settlers Park. The development of the area will spur the annexation of several large tracts along the Palm Valley Boulevard corridor. These developments will extend the city limits just east of CR 122 and north as far as CR 113. The only exception is the Meadows of Chandler Creek Municipal Utility District along Farm -to -Market (FM) 1460. Annexations to the north will be driven by the development of the Stonewater Municipal Utility District located north of Chandler Road between Interstate 35 and FM 1460. Because Stonewater will be only partially developed by 2003, the only anticipated annexations are a few tracts south of Chandler Road just west of the Eagle Ridge subdivision. Western Round Rock is expected to add the Behrens Ranch, a 580 acre tract north of FM 3406 and Sam Bass Road. 30 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS 2010 PHYSICAL. BOUNDARIES (MAP 3.3) Significant road improvements are expected to drive development between 2003 and 2010. Improvements along Ranch -to -Market (RM) 620 and McNeil Road, in addition to the construction of State Highway (SH) 45 and the extension of Wyoming Springs Drive, will enable significant development between SH 45 and RM 620. As a result, Round Rock city limits are expected to extend to RM 620 to the west and SH 45 to the south, as well as incorporating a tract of land north of the intersection of these two roadways. Improvements along Sam Bass Road and the extension of Wyoming Springs Drive north to FM 1431 will help spur development in northwest Round Rock. By 2010, the City is expected to annex three large tracts in northwest Round Rock, two along Sam Bass Road west of Wyoming Springs Drive, and the other tract just west of Chisholm Trail. With the continued development of the Stonewater community and improvements to FM 1460, northeast Round Rock is expected to see significant growth. In addition to the annexation of the Round Rock Glen subdivision, the City is expected to extend the city limits east to FM 1460 north of Old Settlers Boulevard. Round Rock city limits east of Interstate 35 and south of Palm Valley Boulevard are expected to extend completely to the ETJ line, including the Westview subdivision south of Gattis School Road and several tracts east of CR 122. 2020 PHYSICAL BOUNDARIES (MAP 3.4) Between 2010 and 2020, Round Rock city limits are expected to expand in the northwest and northeast portions of the City. In the northwest, the City is expected to annex several large tracts north of the Vista Oaks Municipal Utility District and the Preserve at Stone Oak subdivision. With the extension of Chandler Road, improvements along Old Settlers Boulevard, and the construction of Arterial A (see Map 5.2 for proposed location of Arterial A), city limits are expected to extend north to the Chandler Road extension and east to the ETJ line with the exception of the easternmost portion of the ETJ. 31 �1 r.5 PHYSICAL BOUNDARIES BY 2003 t 1 ra,= ft•" -" Ll r 1 � 1 ,t ti ----------- f- F M1 yt LEGEND Planning Area "'- `' 1999 City is �'(^ F F J Roads Planning Area Adjustment l" Out of City Developments Additions by 2003 i A Key Road Improvements �'A�� Y rqa SHIM 9 20M �.��"' MAP 3.2 " ! ,V 1 't '•�' Y t `}1}p�4. 4 .�' �� ,.��-^�� ��� is € o-a PHYSICAL BOUNDARIES BY 2010 J/ y l'' r A.9 W+33@ "- ba sfe3.2`&A �*a9 v� +T?it:h v�`�� fi§T 3'+#bb.w ?�} s•, �a s iz 1, LEGEND 1 k \ 2a� as -zoa Planning Area 1999 C-.3ty Limits �.'"�'`���^`- 1 M .✓ ' _ a� �a�=a tu,s �n m P1.f33ds Planning Area Adjustment �. 1 {€• €4+�� a*a�# €v C reser§- '+.�a�# t ��� Out of City Developments Previous City Lit Additions Additions by 2010 -- Key Road Improvements 5 .. � � - � na o 2000 ------------------- MAP 3.3 f; M T d 4:t3:3ngintr-. 4,, • Id( 4,11+,44.1 "---,-,k),),----''' •. v,,,,.e,RTIALA ---v"-•'--------,,„,.., . . . . . • , z ml, EXISTING LAND USE Developing a baseline analysis of current land uses for Ci y planning efforts 4.1 InAtroduction n analysis of the built environment is fundamental to long range city planning. Population and employment levels are reflected in the amount of existing residential, commercial, and industrial land uses. As population and employment change, so will development within the City. The baseline analysis of existing land use included in this chapter is an important step in developing policies that determine the character and content of Round Rock in the future. The built environment is best described through an inventory of existing structures and land by specific categories of use. This chapter identifies ten land use categories and tabulates acreage for the entire City. A similar measurement is also made for ten zoning classifications. A comparison between the acreage of the major land use categories and the corresponding zoning districts reveals the extent to which the zoned land has been developed. Map 4.1 depicts existing land use and is located at the end of this chapter. Since issues addressed in this chapter overlap and intertwine with other sections of the General Plan 2000, the reader is advised to look at the Plan as an integrated whole. Unless otherwise noted, references to current data reflect information collected for the year 1998 and cover the Planning Area as defined in Chapter 1. This includes both the area within the present city limits and Round Rock's extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ). Including roadway and railroad right-of-way, the area within the present city limits encompasses 23 square miles. The Planning Area, which includes the ETJ, encompasses approximately 70 square miles. Round Rock's dominant land use is residential. Single-family residential use comprises over 18 percent, or 8,047 acres, of all land. Commercial development comprises approximately 2.6 percent, or 1,169 acres. While some of the remaining vacant land within the Planning Area will remain undeveloped due to various physical constraints (e.g., floodplain, aquifer, slope, etc.), it is estimated that at least 75 percent of all vacant land, or 13,039 acres, is available for development. The following are some general characteristics of Round Rock's existing land use pattern: 32 • XISTING LAND US! • Single-family developments account for over 23 percent of the land use within the corporate limits and approximately eighteen percent within the Planning Area. The majority of single-family land use is located south of Brushy Creek. A substantial number of large lot subdivisions are located in northwest Round Rock. • The community's most intensively developed arterials include: Interstate 35; Ranch -to -Market (RM) 620; Sam Bass Road; Palm Valley Boulevard; Gattis School Road; Louis Henna Boulevard; and McNeil Road. In general, commercial, retail, and related services are located along the frontage of these roads. There is very little residential land use adjacent to the relatively newer roads such as Interstate 35 and RM 620. However, residential uses do abut such long established roads as Sam Bass Road, Palm Valley Boulevard, Gattis School Road, and McNeil Road. • In general, multi -family developments are evenly dispersed throughout the City. • Approximately 66 percent of the acreage within the city limits is developed. Within the Planning Area, approximately 35 percent of the acreage is developed. • Several major roads into the City have substantial undeveloped areas adjacent to them. This provides opportunities for future land use planning. Farm -to -Market (FM)1431/Chandler Road, portions of FM 3406/Old Settlers Boulevard, and portions of FM 1325/Louis Henna Boulevard have large tracts of vacant land adjacent to them. • Land uses tend to be segregated by major arterials and highways. • The oldest single-family developments occur in or near the downtown area. • Three industrial areas take advantage of the available railroad service in Round Rock: (1) along Chisholm Trail on the Georgetown line; (2) the junction of the Georgetown line and the Union Pacific line east of Interstate 35; and (3) along the Union Pacific line in the downtown area. • One of the original entryways into Round Rock, Mays Street, has a substantial amount of older commercial development along it, especially adjacent to the downtown area. The north end of Mays Street exhibits more recent commercial development and less residential land use adjacent to it. • Three notable professional office developments include: (1) Old Town Square located north of RM 620, between Chisholm Trail and Interstate 35; (2) the Highland Professional Building on South Mays Street; and (3) Crystal Park located at the corner of North Mays Street and Old Settlers Boulevard. • Round Rock has one golf course located in the Forest Creek development on the east side of the City. 33 • XISTING LAND USE • The newly developed area east of Interstate 35 and along Louis Henna Boulevard contains the largest concentration of retail land uses. This area is one of the fastest growing in Round Rock. • Most industrial land uses are located in the northern portion of the City. • Multi -family developments are increasing in the southern portion of the City, closer to both major employers and north Austin. 4.2 Land Use Inventory In order to fully analyze and understand existing land use patterns in Round Rock, a parcel specific land use inventory was conducted and mapped by the Planning and Community Development Department in December 1998. The analysis within this chapter and the Existing Land Use Map (Map 4.1) illustrate the results of the inventory. The 1998 existing land use inventory delineates ten land uses: • Single-family • Commercial • Institutional • Agricultural • Two-family • Industrial • Vacant • Right-of-way • Multi -family • Parks & Open Space With the exception of right-of-way, the land uses fall into six general categories as shown in Table 4.1, Land Use Categories. Right-of-way is defined as the right one landowner grants to another to pass over the land, construct a roadway, or use as a pathway without actually transferring ownership. 34 EXISTING LAND USE 4.3 Land Use Categories Listed below are descriptions and examples of land uses that appear on the Existing Land Use Map (Map 4.1). For residential uses, maximum densities are shown. The examples of associated development are permitted principal uses for the City's existing zoning district categories. Table 4.1 Land Use Categories Land Use Category Example RESIDENTIAL Single-family Detached (1-5 dwelling units/ acre) Two-family (5-6 dwelling units/acre) Multi -family (maximum 20 dwelling units/acre) COMMERCIAL General Commercial Local Commercial (low to medium intensity) Historic Commercial INDUSTRIAL General Industrial Single-family house, semi -rural residence with crops or pastures Duplex Apartment, condominium, four-plex Offices, services, retail, amusements, government, institutional, commercial, places of worship, and other non -industrial activities, but no outdoor storage Offices, neighborhood services, government, institutional, daycare facilities, schools, and other commercial and retail activities conducted within an enclosed building All general commercial uses excluding various automotive uses Light industry which entails unenclosed operations or storage, and heavy industry with limited external effects 35 EXISTING LAND USE Land Use Category Example Industrial Park PARKS, OPEN SPACE & FLOODPLAIN Parkland or Open Space Golf course PUBLIC & INSTITUTIONAL Government School Institutional Church & Cemetery VACANT Vacant Agriculture Light industry with no outdoor storage City/private parks, cemeteries, conservation areas, outdoor recreational facilities, and wildlife sanctuaries Public or private golf course, country dub Government office and publicly -owned City facilities Public or private schools and the surrounding grounds Hospital, nursing home, group home, and housing authority Religious institutions, cemeteries Land containing no structures or activities Rural lands containing crops or pastures Table 4.2, below, compares current land use with data from the 1990 General Plan. It is important to note that the current Planning Area defined herein differs from that of the 1990 General Plan. ETJ acquisitions over the past ten years have increased the Planning Area beyond what was defined in the 1990 Plan. While this may affect comparisons between the two time periods, the figures for each plan are consistent to their respective totals. Unlike other information in this chapter, the land uses shown in Table 4.2 are listed to coincide with the 1990 General Plan land use descriptions. This is to facilitate a comparative analysis between the two plans. For example, institutional land use as described in Table 4.2 includes hospitals, nursing homes, group homes, and housing authority properties. It does not include schools, government offices, and churches as 36 EXISTING LAND USE outlined in Table 4.1. In Table 4.2, these uses have been broken out to easily compare data between the 1990 General Plan and the General Plan 2000. Table 4.2 Land Uses by Acreage, 1990/1998 1990 General Plan Existing Land Use Land Use Atm Percentage of Percentage of Developed Total Aars Acreage Ades Perentage of Percentage of Developed Total Acres Acreage Single-family 1,881 34.0% 15.3% 8,047 49.2% 18.2% Two-family 159 2.9% 1.3% 176 1.1% 0.4% Multi -family 140 25% 1.1% 246 1.5% 0.6% Commercial 353 6.4% 2.9% 1169 7.1% 2.6% Industrial 441 8.0% 3.6% 783 4.8% 1.8% Government 38 0.7% 0.3% 64 0.4% 0.1% School 167 3.0% 1.4% 393 2.4% 0.9° o Church & cemetery 164 3.0% 1.3% 131 0.8% 0.3% Institutional' - 174 1.1% 0.4% Parkland 822 14.9% 6.7% 1,008 6.2% 23% ROW 1,356 24.6% 10.9% 4,170 25.4% 9.4% Developed Acres 5,521 100.0% 44.8% 16,361 100.0% 37.°°'° Agriculture2 10,554 23.8% Vacant' 6,810 55.2% 17,385 39.2% Total Acres 12,331 100.0 44,300 100.0% ' No information available for the 1990 General Plan. 2 No information available for the 1990 General Plan. ' Includes land with development constraints. 4.4 Land Use Analysis The predominant land use in Round Rock is residential. By adding the acreage of the three residential categories together and dividing by the number of developed acres, Table 4.2 reveals that 52 percent of developed acreage contains housing of which 95 percent is single-family residential. By comparison in 1990, 39 percent of the developed acreage contained housing of which 86 percent was single-family residential. 37 EXISTING LAND USE Between 1990 and 1998, the proportion of single-family development increased relative to total residential development in Round Rock. The amount of two-family and multi -family development steadily decreased since 1990. The two-family share of total developed land decreased from 2.9 percent in 1990 to 1.1 percent in 1998. Multi- family development dropped from 2.5 percent of total developed land in 1990 to 1.5 percent in 1998. The proportion of industrial land to total developed land decreased significantly. In 1990, eight percent of the developed land contained an industrial land use. In 1998, that figure dropped to approximately 4.8 percent. Some important facts to consider when analyzing the industrial figures are: 1. In the mid-1980s, several large industrial sites were developed but not leased. These once vacant properties are becoming utilized as the City experiences new demand for industrial properties. Hence, the total acreage devoted to new industrial sites is relatively modest. 2. Several major industrial firms expanded their operations in the 1990's without necessarily purchasing additional property. Unless the firms purchased additional property, industrial expansion is not reflected in the land use acreage calculations. Some of the large companies that expanded during this period include SYSCO Corporation, Cypress Semiconductor, Tellabs Texas, Inc., McNeil Consumer Products, AMP, Westinghouse/ l'hCO, and Dupont Photomasks. 3. Commercial land use increased its proportion of total developed lands as the industrial percentage decreased. In the last five years, the strong response of the commercial sector to market forces outpaced industrial development Furthermore, the largest employer in the City, Dell Computer Corporation, is classified as a commercial land use despite its close connections to industry. Another notable land use category worthy of examination is parkland. Currently, the existing percentage of land dedicated to parks and open space exceeds national standards. In Table 4.3, it is dear that the existing amount of parkland and open space falls well within the recommended National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) standard, even when the 440 acre Old Settlers Park is excluded. Old Settlers Park is excluded in order to evaluate only neighborhood and community parks in terms of the national standard. 38 EXISTING LAND USE The NRPA recommends a range of 6 to 10.5 acres of developed parkland for every 1000 residents. Table 4.3 Paridand and Open Space of Developed Land, 1998 Parkland and Open Space in Asper 1,000 Residents' All Parks and Open Space Neighborhood and Community Parks2 13.6 7.7 ' Assumes a Planning Area population of 73,935. 2 Excludes Old Settlers Park at approximately 439 acres. Generally, parkland and open space are evenly dispersed in areas where most of the City's development activity has occurred. With a low population density, northwest Round Rock has few parks and contains most of the City's vacant land. Further analysis of parkland is included in Chapter 6, Community Facilities, and Chapter 8, Parks and Open Space Plan. The amount of vacant land exceeds single-family development in both the city limits and the ETJ. In fact, the amount of vacant land use actually increases relative to the total amount of land in 1998. The amount of vacant land within the Planning Area registered 55.2 percent in 1990 (Table 4.2). In 1998, this figure reached 63 percent. The increase can be explained through the annexation of undeveloped land and ETJ acquisitions. If one compares the ratio between developed acres and the total amount of land between 1990 and 1998, it appears that development in the current Planning Area lags behind expansion by approximately seventeen percent The substantial increase in vacant land is one reason it is important to periodically revise the General Plan. Opportunities for future land use direction in these areas are numerous. Chapter 5, Future Land Use, addresses these opportunities. 39 EXISTING LAND US! 4.5 Zoning Inventory and Analysis An analysis of current land use and zoning can help the City ensure a balance between the amount of land zoned for a particular land use category and the acreage that currently supports the corresponding land use. At present, Round Rock is separated into eleven zoning district classifications. The measurement of zoning acreage is not an exact representation of land use for the following reasons: • Institutional uses, such as schools, churches, or government facilities, may be located in a variety of zoning districts. For example, the zoned acreage calculated for a single-family/standard lot district may include a school site. Parkland may also be found in several zoning districts. • Land with development constraints, such as flood -prone areas or areas with steep topography, is included in all zoning calculations. • Technically, zoning extends to the centerline of all street rights-of-way. However, the effective zoned acreage is necessarily less than the total area within the city limits because rights-of-way cannot contain development. • A Planned Unit Development (PUD) may include a variety of different land uses. For example, a particular PUD may include local commercial, single-family, and multi -family uses. The following data apply only to areas zoned by the City. The City does not have zoning jurisdiction over the entire Planning Area. Therefore, all land use figures in the following analysis are calculated for the city limits only. In Table 4.5, ten zoning classifications are defined. The eleventh classification, Open Space, is excluded from the analysis since it covers primarily one property, Old Settlers Park. Acreage figures are calculated for each defined classification. In addition, the zoning categories are correlated with the corresponding land use categories except in the case of PUDs. As stated previously, PUDs may include a variety of land uses. 40 EXISTING LAND USE Table 4.4 1998 Land Use and Zoning Acreage' Zoning Classification Land Use Land Petrent of Zoned Percentage Categoi Use Land Acreage of Zoned Acreage Use Acreage Acreage SF -1 Single-family, large lot SF -2 Single-family, standard lot TF Two-family Residential MF Multi -family Residential c-1 General Commercial C-2 Local Commercial C-3 Historic Commercial 1-1 General Industrial 1-2 Industrial Park PUD2 Planned Development Unit Twos roily Multifamily Com mesial itt>irastrial PUD2 539 3.6% 3,505 23.3% 6,103 40.9% 167 1.1% 463 3.1% 246 1.6% 486 3.3% 1,878 12.6% 39 0.3% 1,048 7.0% 26 0.2% 1,897 12.7% 672 4.5% 169 1.1% 3,327 22.2% Totals 15,059 14,927 100.0% ' Land use inventory of city limits. 2 Not a land use category. The associated data represent several land use categories, such as single-family, commercial, etc. Land use total includes acreage for institutional (541), parkland (931), ROW (2,418), agricultural (607) and vacant (4,924) land uses. Mirroring the land use figures, single-family zoning dominates all other zoning classifications in Round Rock. Within the city limits, approximately 45 percent of all 41 EXISTING LAND USE zoned land is either single-family/large lot or single family/standard lot. However, it is estimated that only 23 percent of the City's existing developed acreage supports single- family land use. The discrepancy between these figures may be explained by the fact that most institutional uses, such as schools, churches, and parkland occur in residentially zoned areas. When accounting for these areas, the amount of single-family use increases to 33 percent, more representative of the 45 percent zoned. Despite the relatively large amount of land zoned for single-family use, this figure represents a nineteen percent decrease in the amount of land zoned single-family between 1990 and 1998. The decrease in land zoned for residential development is more dramatic when analyzing both two-family and multi -family acreage. Between 1990 and 1998, the amount of land zoned for two-family use declined 48 percent. Multi -family acreage decreased by 34 percent When analyzing these figures, it is important to note that the Planning Area defined in the General Plan 2000 is approximately seventeen percent larger than the Planning Area defined in the 1990 General Plan. An apparent decrease of land zoned residential over that ten-year period could simply be the result of a larger Planning Area. In order to get a better idea of zoning changes, Table 4.5 examines the net gain of residential zoned acreage between 1990 and 1998. Table 4.5 Residential Zoning Changes 1990-1998 Total New acreage Acres gained Loss of acres Net Gain Parent Acreage through from another to another Change in 1990 annexation c/arrifrcation classification Acreage SF -1 & SF -2 Two-family Multifamily 5,391 1,319 25 94 1,250 23% 478 1 19 35 -15 -3% 430 78 39 62 56 13% Zoning acreage devoted to single-family use increased dramatically in relation to the two-family and multi -family figures. When analyzing the total acreage for each zoning classification, single-family zoning increased over 23 percent during the last ten years. Two-family zoning decreased by three percent while multi -family zoning increased by thirteen percent. 42 EXISTING LAND US! The following table illustrates the percentage of zoned land that currently supports the land use for which it is zoned. Table 4.6 1998 Land Use / Zoning Comparison Zoning & Land Use Categories Existing Land Use Existing ZoningAcreage Parentage of Zoned Acreage' Land Utiked SF -1 & SF -2 Single-family TF Two-family MF Multi -family COM Commercial & Retail IND Industrial 3,505 6,642 52.8% 167 463 36.1% 246 486 50.6% 1,048 1,943 53.9% 672 2,066 32.5% ' Land use calculations for city limits only. The analysis displays that approximately half of the land within the city limits currently supports a use for which it is zoned. The remaining 50 percent of land is primarily vacant with the exception of nonconforming uses within various zones. Vacant land is most prevalent in the single-family/standard lot (1,525 acres), general commercial (651 acres), and general industrial (1,173 acres) zoning districts. 4.6 Summary Prior to determining what policies and standards Round Rock should consider to accommodate projected growth, the City must determine a desired general land use pattern for the next decade. The data and analysis included in this chapter can help direct this pattern. In Chapter 5, Future Land Use, this information is coupled with citizen input to create a broad -brush scenario to help guide future land use decisions. Once a pattern is agreed upon and adopted, the City can determine what modifications, if any, must be made to existing development regulations. Appropriate development regulations should help Round Rock achieve the desired character and land use pattern envisioned by the community. 43 U0pEa13011 FUTURE LAND USE Guiding orderly and high qualify development through location criteria and development standards 5.1 Introduction The designation of future land uses in the General Plan 2000 provides the basic tool for coordinated, orderly, and efficient development Planning the location of future land uses is essential in anticipating the ultimate needs of a community. Land use considerations are important when planning for future school sites, parks, transportation corridors, fire and police protection, and a host of other community -related needs. Using land use information, a community can responsibly plan for future expenditures and maintain or improve its economic vitality. This section of the General Plan 2000 recommends policies, actions, and criteria anticipated to guide development and redevelopment within the community. With these policies, the City of Round Rock can continue to serve as a community that successfully integrates work, quality of life, and a strong family focus for generations to come. The Future Land Use chapter synthesizes the General Plan 2000's baseline analysis with citizen input gathered during numerous public forums. The goals and objectives of the Plan are translated into a graphic format using development criteria described herein. The Future Land Use Map (Map 5.2) located at the end of the chapter illustrates the planned location and general amount of residential, mixed use, commercial, business park, industrial, parkland, open space and floodplain lands for the Planning Area. As defined in Chapter 1, the Planning Area includes both the area within the present city limits and Round Rock's extraterritorial jurisdiction (E 1j). It is important to emphasize that the Future Land Use Map is generalized and should not be construed as parcel specific. As part of the General Plan 2000 planning process, a vision statement based on citizen input was developed for the City. This vision statement serves as an overall directive for the Future Land Use Plan. 44 FUTURE LAND USE Round Rock is a diverse, historic, and family-oriented community with a distinct identity as a desirable place to live, work, and play. Residents, govemment, and business are committed to working together to build a more viable community. The Future Land Use Plan is based on the following elements: • General Plan 2000 Assumptions • Development Evaluation Criteria • Plan Features • Land Use and Population Analysis • Compatibility Standards • Location Criteria and Development Standards for Multi -Family Structures • Future Land Use Map and Map Interpretation Policies • Plan/Map Amendment Policies 5.2 General Plan 2000 Assumptions The General Plan 2000 is based on the following assumptions: 1. Round Rock will maintain its position as a major center of economic activity in Williamson County and the Austin metropolitan area. 2. Based on population estimates generated for the Round Rock Transportation Master Plan, growth within the Planning Area will continue to increase at a moderate pace (2.3 percent). A population of 120,361 is expected by the year 2020. At an average rate of 2.4 persons per household, this population increase will yield approximately 18,910 new households in Round Rock's Planning Area by the year 2020. At buildout (no estimated date), the population of the Planning Area will reach 236,000. Buildout refers to the completed construction of all 45 FUTURE LAND US! phases of development as allowed in all ordinances that regulate an area. The scale of buildout can be from a single lot to the City's entire jurisdiction. 3. Planned industrial parks will be the preferred industrial development configuration. 4. The City will continue to facilitate Planned Unit Developments (PUD) to integrate a variety of residential, commercial, and light industrial uses within a physically compact area. 5. The existing character of the community will be maintained or improved. The established land use pattern and natural amenities within the community provide the foundation for the Future Land Use Plan. 6. Multi -family developments will be dispersed along major transportation corridors in the City to minimize the traffic impacts on existing residential neighborhoods. Multi -family developments will locate in areas having proper facilities and locational characteristics. 7. Conflicts between land use activities will be minimized. 8. The Future Land Use Map is not parcel specific and provides an opportunity for the City to remain flexible in dealing with matters of community design. With this flexibility, creativity and diversity in land use planning will be encouraged. 5.3 Development Evaluation Criteria The following is a summary of the general criteria used in formulating the Future Land Use Plan. The same criteria will be used in the future when evaluating land that has been annexed or rezoned. 1. The new or proposed uses should meet the goals and objectives established in the General Plan 2000 or in other adopted studies. 2. The proposed uses should protect the integrity of adjacent residential neighborhoods. 3. The proposed uses should support an established pattern or trend that is desirable. 4. The proposed uses should be served adequately by public facilities/amenities. 5.4 Plan Features The Future Land Use Plan proposes the general distribution, general location, and extent of land uses, where appropriate, for parkland, open spaces, and floodplain, 46 FUTURE LAND USE residences, mixed use, commerce, business parks, industry, and mining. An additional feature, the Palm Valley Area Plan, is included to address specific development concerns for a unique corridor within the City. The following table summarizes the land use acreage for both the 1990 General Plan and the General Plan 2000. The percent change of acreage within each land use category is also presented. Table 5.1 Land Use Designation Acreage Land Use 1990 Percent of General Percent of Percentage General Total Plan 2000 Total of Change Plan Parks, Open Space & Floodplain Residential Mixed' Commercial Business Park2 Industrial Milling 2,512 6.9% 3,889 9.3% 54.8% 22,548 61.9% 27,238 64.8% 20.8% 0.0% 407 1.0% 100.0% 2,829 7.8 3,451 8.2% 22.0% 0.0% 1,473 3.5% 100.0% 5,796 15.9% 2,056 4.9% -64.5% 2,728 7.5% 3, 491 8.3% 28.0% ' This land use category did not exist in the 1990 General Plan. 2 This land use category did not exist in the 1990 General Plan. PARKS, OPEN SPACE AND FLOODPLAIN This land use designation applies to areas supporting recreational and open space uses. It also includes designated floodplain areas. Selected city parks and recreational facilities are shown on the Future Land Use Map (Map 5.2). A complete display of existing city parks and recreational facilities is shown on Map 6.1 in Chapter 6, Community Facilities. Open space is defined as any parcel, tract of land, or water feature that is essentially unimproved. This designation identifies areas that are scenic in nature or inappropriate for the construction of buildings. Open space not identified as floodplain or water can be improved with recreational trails and other open space amenities. 47 FUTURE LAND USE Floodplain refers to land adjoining a watercourse or drainway that is covered by a specified amount of floodwater in a storm. The floodplain consists of the floodway and the flood fringe. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sets the standards for floodplain designation. The Future Land Use Plan identifies over 3,800 acres of land as parkland, open space, or floodplain. Within the Planning Area, there are approximately 1,000 acres of land currently supporting this land use. RESIDENTIAL Residential land use primarily supports tracts with dwelling units. The land itself may be improved or unimproved. The Future Land Use Plan has been designed to protect and enhance existing single-family neighborhoods and to minimize potential land use conflicts that may occur with future development Development permitted in the residential land use category includes: • Semi -rural single-family housing • Single-family detached housing • Two-family housing • Multi -family housing • Neighborhood commercial Neighborhood commercial development is designed to address the commercial needs of the local population. This usually includes businesses such as daycare facilities and convenience stores. Within the Future Land Use Plan, neighborhood commercial is generally located at the intersection of a collector street and an arterial roadway. Collector streets provide circulation within and between neighborhoods. Neighborhood commercial is also permitted at the intersection of two arterial roadways. Arterial roadways are of regional importance and usually serve as the main roads into the community. In order to minimize potential land use conflicts between higher intensity land uses and single-family residential neighborhoods, compatibility standards are induded in the General Plan 2000. Section 5.6 of this chapter lists and describes the standards. The Future Land Use Plan designates approximately 27,000 acres of land for residential development. Within the Planning Area, there are currently 8,469 acres of land supporting this land use. 48 FUTURE LAND US! MIXED LAND USE The mixed land use category includes properties on which various uses, such as office, commercial, business park, industrial, institutional, and residential, are combined in a single building or on a single site. Mixed land use areas are generally zoned as Planned Unit Developments (PUD). This type of development offers benefits in energy use and reduces costs associated with the construction and provision of infrastructure. Designating a mixed land use category is one method of accommodating the projected increase in population and commerce in Round Rock, while maintaining high quality development projects. A mixed land use site should be an integrated and functional development project with a coherent physical design. A "single site" may include contiguous properties. This land use designation is intended to encourage residential development in conjunction with commercial development or redevelopment. Redevelopment refers to the construction of new development on previously developed parcels. Higher densities may be appropriate for locations that are well separated from single-family neighborhoods and located at the junction of arterial roadways. The Future Land Use Plan identifies over 400 acres of land as suitable for mixed use development. One identified area is already moving toward this type of development The La Frontera mixed use development plan includes over 6,000,000 square feet of nonresidential space and 900 multi -family dwelling units. Comprehensive development on this scale not only meets the needs of the existing population, but also addresses the demands of the larger regional market. PALM VALLEY AREA PLAN The Future Land Use Plan supports further study of the Palm Valley Boulevard corridor through the development of an area plan. This planning corridor generally encompasses the area north and south of East Palm Valley Boulevard from the abandoned Missouri -Kansas (MOKAN) railroad right-of-way to County Road 122. The area includes the future site of the convention center/stadium complex, Old Settlers Park, Brushy Creek, the historic site of Kenney Fort, the Palm Valley Lutheran Church and cemetery, historic homes such as the Israel-Telander homestead, several large lot single-family homes, and large tracts of vacant and agricultural land. The Future Land Use Map (Map 5.2) delineates the boundaries of the Palm Valley Area Plan. With unique physical, historic, cultural, and economic factors affecting the area, special development considerations are needed along East Palm Valley Boulevard. The 49 FUTURE LAND USE development of an area plan is the first step in determining an appropriate mix of future land uses and serves as a foundation for the development of regulations specific to this corridor. The Palm Valley Area Plan is divided into nine sub -areas for more detailed analysis (Map 5.1). Each sub -area consists of existing contiguous parcels grouped by common physical characteristics, likely development patterns, or special uses. Map 5.1 Sub -Areas of the Palm Valley Area Plan A LEGEND QPlanning Sub -Areas Parcels — Proposed Arterial Roadwa Z.; Palm Valley Area Plan OFuture site of Convention Center/Stadium Complex An inventory of the planning sub -areas includes locational characteristics and special considerations that may affect future development. Using this information, possible future land uses and corresponding design recommendations are identified for each sub -area. 50 X04 1 41-hb 1m-5 1 z C r N U l21 z r : N eh u7 10 P ED Of FUTURE LAND USE In order to incorporate the recommendations from the sub -area inventory and the future findings of the Palm Valley Area Plan, a special zoning district may be required to guide development within this region. Special districts are established within a zoning ordinance to accommodate a narrow or distinct set of land uses or to address specific purposes. The term can signify any district beyond the conventional residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural districts. Cities throughout the country utilize special districts, also known as overlay or combining districts, to encourage appropriate development in a specified area or to require additional protection of a particular resource area. There are currently two special districts in Round Rock: the Historic Overlay District and the Planned Unit Development (PUD) District The City adopted the Historic Overlay District in 1979 to protect the City's historic resources. This special district includes two classifications, the historic district and the historic landmark. The development of property in either category is governed by regulations specific to the Historic Overlay District and by general zoning regulations. For example, a property with both historic overlay and general commercial zoning may be permitted to operate general commercial uses; however, the property is further regulated by zoning provisions pertaining to historic preservation. The Planned Unit Development (PUD) District was the second special district adopted by the City. The PUD District was established in 1990 to encourage mixed uses, allow a more flexible response to the market, encourage innovative subdivision or site plan design, and to promote superior development that is compatible with adjacent land uses. One of the principle features in PUD zoning is the ability to restrict or prohibit land uses. Currently over twenty percent of the City is zoned PUD. This is largely due to the fact that the PUD designation makes it possible to design a zoning district that will be compatible with surrounding development by limiting the types of uses that are permitted. With a large amount of land within the Palm Valley area currently vacant, the City has an exciting opportunity to create a unified "gateway" into the community that supports the goals and objectives of the General Plan 2000. The creation of a Palm Valley Overlay District (PVOD) will ensure that development in this corridor reflects the area's historical significance, provides family recreational activities, and emphasizes the area's unique character. The PVOD will require additional development standards, such as roadway setbacks, increased landscaping, and architectural and signage standards, to adequately direct development within the region. The PVOD may also limit the land uses permitted within the Palm Valley Area Plan. 52 FUTURE LAND US! COMMERCIAL Commercial land use consists of development that establishes or preserves enterprises involved in the buying and selling of commodities and services. Permitted development in this land use category includes the following • General Commercial • Neighborhood Commercial • Historic Commercial General commercial development requires that all commercial activities occur within an enclosed structure. Some examples of general commercial development include grocery stores, restaurants, and retail establishments. As stated previously, neighborhood commercial development is restricted to serving the general needs of the local population. This typically includes businesses such as daycare facilities and convenience stores. Historic commercial development excludes various automotive uses and encourages the development of businesses such as law offices and travel agencies. In an effort to provide adequate commercial sites with the best locational characteristics while simultaneously protecting the primary transportation function of arterial roadways, commercial development will be directed toward the intersections of major roadways. Nodes of commercial development, (i.e. areas of commercial activity), may occur at the intersection of two arterial roadways or along the following Interstate 35, Mays Street, Ranch -to -Market (RM) 620, Highway 79, and future State Highway 45. Arterial roadways carry both local traffic traveling from small areas to highways as well as regional traffic. Examples of large-scale commercial developments that take advantage of major transportation routes include: • La Frontera at the comer of Farm -to -Market (FM) 1325 (future State Highway 45) and Interstate 35. • Round Rock Hospital expansion and supporting uses along RM 620. While these developments do not necessarily fall within the commercial categories above, they do represent change in Round Rock's commercial market. Typically, large- scale commercial developments provide a variety and depth of goods and services not available in neighborhood or general commercial shopping areas. The development of these large-scale projects suggests that commercial businesses within Round Rock are 53 FUTURE LAND USE serving not only the local population, but also drawing consumers from an area that extends well beyond the City's Planning Area. The Future Land Use Plan identifies over 3,400 acres of land as suitable for commercial development Within the Planning Area, there are approximately 1,170 acres of land currently supporting this land use. BUSINESS PARK The business park land use classification is intended to accommodate, in a park -like setting, a limited group of modem light industrial, research and development, and administrative facilities subject to development standards. Business park developments shall be located on lands that have an acceptable relationship to the Round Rock Transportation Master Plan and other applicable plans. Some business park developments may be located near residential neighborhoods; therefore, it is necessary that all activities including light manufacturing and the assembly of materials be carried out in a wholly enclosed building. All related activities shall be carried out in a manner that is not injurious or offensive to the occupants of surrounding properties. Within land designated as suitable for business park development, limited commercial support facilities may be permitted. Examples of support facilities include personal services such as daycare centers and health clubs. Other support facilities may include branch banks and restaurants. The Future Land Use Plan identifies over 1,400 acres of land as suitable for business park development. INDUSTRIAL Land designated for industrial use accommodates the manufacture, production, and processing of consumer goods. Examples of uses permitted in this category include warehouses, mini -warehouses, food processing, and assembly operations. The Future Land Use Plan directs the majority of industrial land use along the northern Interstate 35 corridor. The Future Land Use Plan identifies over 2,000 acres of land as suitable for industrial development. This represents an approximate 65 percent decrease from the amount of land designated for industrial development in the 1990 General Plan (estimated at 5,796 acres). Several factors influence this adjustment in the Future Land Use Plan. In the late 1980's/early 1990's, Round Rock aggressively pursued industrial development as a means to improve the economic vitality of the community. The goals of the General Plan 2000 now call for a diversification of the economic base. With only 783 acres of land currently supporting industrial enterprises, the Plan has adjusted the 54 FUTURE LAND USE amount of land designated for industrial land uses to 2,000 acres. However, the business park land use designation also allows for some types of limited industrial uses. MINING This land use category applies to all activities that involve land excavation for extracting minerals and similar substances. Approximately 3,500 acres of land has been designated for mining activities. All of this land is located in northwest Round Rock along Interstate 35. The amount of mining acreage identified in the Future Land Use Plan represents no change from the existing level because of the long-term mining activities of Texas Crushed Stone, Co. 5.5 Land Use and Population Analysis Based on the population projections from the Round Rock Transportation Master Plan (Table 5.3), a comparison of land use consumption figures from 1998 to buildout is presented in Table 5.4. This type of analysis is important because it reflects changes in the market absorption of various land uses. Table 5.3 Growth Projections: Round Rock Planning Area 1998 2017 Ultimate Buildout Population Employment 73,935 114,300 236,000 29,859 45,800 129,700 Source City of Round Rock Transportation Master Plan, 1998. In essence, a certain number of people need or "consume" a certain number of acres for residential and nonresidential use. This comparison is usually illustrated by calculating the acres used per 100 persons. In addition to showing the acreage for each land use category, Table 5.4 calculates the ratio of this acreage per 100 persons. An increase in the acres per person in a particular category indicates that more acres are used or needed relative to the current percentage. A decrease equates to fewer acres being consumed relative to the current percentage. 55 FUTURE LAND USE Table 5.4 Land Use Related to Round Rock Population Land Use 1998 Existing Acres Per 100 Ultimate Buildout Acres Per 100 Acres Persons' Future Acres Persons' Parkland, Open Space & Floodplain Residential Commercial Retail' Mixed Institutional' Business Park Industrial Mining 1,008 1.4 3,889 1.6 8,469 11.5 27,238 11.5 887 1.2 2,618 1.1 282 0.4 833 0.4 - 407 0.2 762 1.0 - 783 3,491 1.1 4.7 1,473 0.6 2,056 0.9 3,491 1.5 ' Estimated population of 73,935 z Estimated population of 236,000. 3 Assumes a Floor -to -Area ratio of .25 and seventeen employees per acre of retail land use. Developed by Dunkin, Sefko & Associates Inc, for the Round Rock Transportation Master Plan. These data are based on 1997 third quarter Texas Workforce Commission employment figures. + Includes government, school, church & cemetery, and institutional land uses. Currently, the acreage consumed of retail land use equals approximately 0.4 acres per 100 persons. This ratio is slightly lower than the figure representative of most retail markets (0.5) and represents a slight imbalance between the existing population and the amount of retail land use within the City to serve this population. In other words, the population of the City could support more retail land use than what is currently estimated. However, when the La Frontera commercial center is developed, with approximately 1,000,000 square feet of retail space, the ratio of retail land use to population will increase to 0.5 acres per 100 persons. This growth trend in retail activity is assumed to continue. At present retail activity is not tracked separately from overall commercial development so it is difficult to project future retail growth. This reflects the classification within the existing zoning ordinance which combines retail and general commercial into one district. As such, there is no separation of retail from general commercial activity in the Future Land Use Plan. Periodic tracking of retail development in the future will help the City maintain a balance between retail activity and the needs of its population. 56 FUTURE LAND USE While an increase or decrease in a land use category generally shows a change in intensity, it can also represent a change in the character of the market. For example, the amount of industrial acreage currently consumed is about 1.1 acres per 100 persons. Based on the acres allocated in the Future Land Use Plan, the ratio decreases to 0.9 acres per 100 persons. Hence, fewer acres have been added relative to the population. Based on the existing land use and zoning analysis contained in Chapter 4, Existing Land Use, a reduction of industrial acreage is supported. In addition, with the designation of the business park category, Round Rock is encouraging future industrial development to locate in lower intensity planned industrial parks. 5.6 Compatibility Standards As Round Rock continues to grow, the demand for developable land will increase. As vacant parcels become developed, it is important to minimize land use conflicts. In response to the adopted goals and objectives for the community, the Future Land Use Plan addresses land use compatibility issues affecting existing residential neighborhoods. Compatibility standards have been developed for land uses with a greater intensity than single-family development The purpose of these standards is to protect sing e -family homes adjacent to nonresidential development from excessive noise, illumination, odors, visual duffer, traffic, and other objectionable influences to family living. Some of the standards presented below, such as additional building setbacks and height restrictions, have been incorporated into PUD zoning ordinances. An amendment to the zoning ordinance is recommended to include these types of compatibility standards. The amending language will apply compatibility standards not only to PUDs, but also to all types of non-residential development, induding churches, institutional uses, and multi -family developments in proximity to single-family neighborhoods. These standards will be applied to properties within 300 feet of a single-family residence. COMPATIBILITY STANDARDS 1. Screening: Visual screening will be required along every property line which abuts lower intensity land uses except in the case where industrial land uses abut commercial properties. Screens must reach a minimum height of six feet. All required screening walls should be equally finished on both sides of the wall. All open storage shall be screened from public view. Mechanical equipment, including roof -mounted units, shall be screened from street view. 57 FUTURE LAND US! 2. Recreational Facilities: No intensive outdoor recreational uses (e.g., swimming pools, tennis courts, playgrounds) shall be located in close proximity to single- family property. 3. Setbacks and Height Setbacks and building heights shall be specified to prevent the construction of structures significantly taller than single-family residences. This requirement is designed to maintain privacy and sustain the outdoor enjoyment typically provided in single-family neighborhoods. 4. Lighting: All exterior lighting shall be hooded or shielded in such a way that the light source is not directly visible from single-family properties. 5. Refuse: Dumpsters shall be enclosed on three sides with six-foot walls constructed of the same materials and finishes as the buildings. Dumpsters shall not be located in close proximity to single-family property and shall be depicted on the site plan. 6. Access and Driveways: All driveways shall be sited as to minimize adverse impacts on adjacent single-family properties. 5.7 Location Criteria and Development Standards for Multi -Family Structures Many of the recent concems regarding multi -family development have been related to design issues and development impacts on single-family homes. In response to the adopted goals and objectives listed in Chapter 2, the Future Land Use Plan sets forth measures to protect existing single-family neighborhoods. Location criteria have been developed to minimize land use conflicts between multi -family developments and adjacent single-family neighborhoods. Within areas designated for residential land use, one or more of the following criteria will determine appropriate locations for multi- family development. LOCATION CRITERIA FOR MULTI -FAMILY DEVELOPMENT 1. The tract abuts any of the following roadways: FM 1431 /Chandler Road, Interstate 35, US 79, RM 620, FM 1325/Louis Henna Blvd (future State Highway 45). Multi -family developments along these roadways will be authorized by PUD zoning only. 2. The tract must be located at or adjacent to general commercial nodes (i.e. areas of commercial activity). General commercial nodes may be located at the intersection of two arterial roadways. Multi -family developments at these nodes must be 58 FUTURE LAND USE authorized by either original multi -family district zoning or PUD. Permitting multi -family complexes at the intersection of two arterial roadways represents a new opportunity for multi -family development within the City. 3. The tract is located within the Downtown Reinvestment Zone as shown on the Future Land Use Map (Map 5.2). Only medium density projects will be permitted within this area. PUD zoning will be required. In general, PUDs may include a variety of land uses and can encourage infill development. Infill development refers to "filling in" vacant parcels of land in existing developed areas. 4. Multi -family developments may occur as an element of the mixed land use category only when substantiated by PUD zoning and a unified plan. 5. The tract has existing multi -family zoning. Recently annexed tracts will be suitable for multi -family development if either multi -family or PUD original zoning is approved by the City Council. Oftentimes, the location of a multi -family development impacts surrounding properties. In addition, the design of a multi -family development may also enhance or detract from the appearance of an area. In response to the citizen input gathered for the General Plan 2000, the following development standards will apply to all new multi -family construction: D EVELOPMENT STANDARDS FOR MULTI -FAMILY D EVELOPMENT 1. Transportation: Minimize points of access to the multi -family complex. 2. Landscape Buffers: Increase the amount of landscaped buffers adjacent to single-family developments. 3. Recreational Facilities: Adequate recreational and open space facilities should be required as part of a major multi -family development. Recreation areas shall be screened from public view and designed to minimize the impact on adjacent single-family units. 4. Parking: Parking in the street yard will be limited for visitor use only. Limit "tandem" type parking. Tandem parking refers to an arrangement of parking spaces such that one space must be driven across in order to access another space or spaces. 59 FUTURE LAND US! 5. Setback Increase minimum setback from sing e -family neighborhoods and roadways where grade or terrain characteristics influence adjacent views and privacy. 6. Materials & Design: Decrease the amount of exterior wood and replace with high-quality, long-lasting exterior materials (e.g., stone, brick, stucco, high definition 25 -year shingles, etc.). The development standards presented in this section address the physical design features that will maximize compatibility between neighboring land uses and enhance the character of multi -family developments and the community. By means of the compatibility standards proposed in Section 5.6 and the subsequent multi -family development standards, the City of Round Rock is working toward creating a community where different land uses blend together harmoniously. Smooth transitioning between different land uses is emphasized. 5.8 Future Land Use Map and Interpretation Policies The Future Land Use Map is adopted as part of the General Plan 2000. It designates the proposed general distribution, general location, and extent of the uses of land, where appropriate, for parkland, open spaces and floodplain, residences, mixed use commerce, business parks, industry, and mining. The Future Land Use Map at the end of this chapter is a generalized representation of the official Future Land Use Map. The following policies are recommended to ensure development in accordance with the Future Land Use Plan to the greatest extent possible: 1. The Future Land Use Map depicts planned land uses for the community. The map establishes the general pattern of future land use as appropriate to achieve the community's goals and objectives. The City should implement a gradual but sustained effort to rezone areas not in compliance with the Future Land Use Map. 2. The Future Land Use Map provides the general description of land use categories while the text in this chapter provides explanation of essential components of the Future Land Use Plan. The City should consider revising the existing zoning ordinance district categories to coincide with the land use categories portrayed on the Future Land Use Map. 60 FUTURE LAND US! 3. The official copy of the Future Land Use Map is plotted at a scale of 1"=1600' and is available for review at the Planning and Community Development Department in City Hall, 221 East Main Street The boundaries of land use categories represented on the official map should be used to determine the appropriate land use category. 4. In accordance with Section 219.005 of the Texas Local Government Code, the Future Land Use Map shall contain the following dearly visible statement "A comprehensive plan shall not constitute zoning regulations or establish zoning district boundaries." 5.9 PIan/Map Amendment Policies The Future Land Use Map is not the City's official zoning map. It is a guide for decisions concerning future land use patterns. The Future Land Use Plan is primarily implemented through the zoning and subdivision ordinances or through other approved means which fulfill policy objectives, such as programs that establish capital improvement priorities, area studies, and neighborhood plans. The zoning ordinance text and map determine where specific development requirements apply to a particular property. The Future Land Use Plan is intended to provide an overall framework for guiding the actions of the different entities responsible for determining Round Rock's future. The Future Land Use Plan should be used on a regular basis in order for the City to relli7e the full benefits of coordinated development over a long period of time. The Future Land Use Plan is a guide for community development, which is ever broadening and changing in scope. Therefore, planning for the community is a continuing process. The following policy is recommended to ensure the integrity of the Future Land Use Plan: • Rezoning or other development approvals for land uses not consistent with the Future Land Use Plan should not be approved until the General Plan 2000 has been amended as necessary to provide for such land uses. Because community planning is an ever-changing process, the General Plan 2000 includes an amending process. Amendments may be made to the Plan by the City Council through its own motion or through a proper application or petition submitted by any person, firm, or corporation. Of the few amendments approved since 1990, all have been substantiated by a comprehensive study. 61 FUTURE LAND US! 5.10 Summary Ultimately, planning the location of future land uses leads to coordinated, orderly, and efficient development that accurately reflects the vision of the community and meets community needs. In addition to connectivity between uses, future land uses should consider compatibility, flexibility, and adherence to strict development standards. The first of these, compatibility, ensures that high intensity uses, such as large apartment complexes or employment centers, are compatible with low intensity uses, such as single-family housing. The community recognizes that a careful balance of each is necessary to provide a variety of housing types and employers, respectively, but that uses must be carefully designed to complement, not detract from or denigrate, adjacent uses. The second theme, flexibility, is necessary to provide new opportunities for development. Currently, land uses are largely segregated. The newly proposed business park and mixed use designations are attempts to combine traditionally segregated uses and create a superior development solution for both employers and residents. Lastly, strict development standards are a means to protect an area's unique natural and historic heritage, such as the resources within the Palm Valley corridor. Area plans help protect those resources and maintain their integrity in the face of rapid development. Taken as a whole these initiatives are expected to result in a balanced and well integrated mix of residential, mixed use, commercial, business park, industrial, parkland and open space lands that effectively meet community needs and desires. 62 3 z c A377VA IflVd z 1Pd ssaulsnq co C m C pz3 14,s /4. Z COMMUNITY FACILITIES Providing residents with facilities and programs to serve community needs 6.1 Introduction Community facilities are a major component of Round Rock's physical, social, and economic fabric. Facilities help define the identity of the City and contribute to the City's social and economic prosperity. Facilities most often involve major investments of time and money. As such, new facilities must be prioritized. These priorities offer some indication of who we are and what we value as a community. Many of the current concerns were identified through the citizen workshops described in Chapter 1 and later refined by the City Council into the goals and objectives contained in Chapter 2. General Plan 2000 goals and objectives are the driving force behind changes to community facilities and will provide the basis for future policies. Facilities discussed in this chapter include fire, police, library, parks, the convention center/stadium complex, and schools. Facilities serve purposes covering a spectrum that ranges from health and safety to general well being. Significant population growth necessitates periodic updates to facilities plans. The first step in the General Plan 2000 update process was an assessment of current and future community needs given expected demographic trends, including population growth and land use assumptions. These are described in Chapters 3 and 4, respectively. City, State, and national standards provide the means to assess whether current efforts adequately meet the needs of the community and to help guide future facility plans. Using population forecasts and land use assumptions, affected City departments forecasted department needs through 2020. Each of the general forecasts will guide future, more detailed, agency plans, which departments update on a regular basis. Through facility plans, the City hopes to meet both the needs of the community and the needs of City employees. Both are critical given Round Rock's explosive growth. Round Rock is the largest city in Williamson County, which is one of the fastest growing counties in the nation. Population growth and an expanded geographic area represent two of the biggest challenges to community agencies. Facilities, staffing, and equipment must all be planned well in advance to avoid gaps in services. Along with new construction, adequate attention must be given to expansion, maintenance, and modernization. 63 COMMUNITY FACILITIES 6.2 Fire Services Department Considerations The adequacy of fire services is measured primarily by response time to a fire. The Round Rock Fire Department uses four minutes as the lower control limit and six minutes as the upper control limit for station response times for both residential and commercial emergencies. The Department tracks station response times and annotates reasons for delays. Customer surveys are sent to each fifth caller. Response times determine State Insurance Services Office (ISO) ratings, which, in tum, determine the cost of fire insurance. The ISO calculates ratings every ten years and assigns a rating from one to ten, with one being the best. Round Rock currently has a four rating. In order to minimize response times, the City is divided into four fire service districts. Fire service district boundaries generally use a 11/2 -mile radius from each proposed fire station to meet response time criteria. The general response rule is modified by the physical characteristics of each district. Modifying characteristics include highways, railways, arterial roadways, and creeks. Interstate 35, the Union Pacific Railroad, and the Georgetown Railroad form substantial barriers to fire responses. Round Rock also has several natural barriers to fire responses which dictate fire district boundaries including Brushy Creek, with three all-weather crossings, and Lake Creek, with four major crossings. The City will soon begin construction on a fifth fire station at 400 Deepwood Drive, adjacent to the City recycling center, to serve western Round Rock. Table 6.1 lists City fire stations. Williamson County ambulances are housed in three of the four current fire stations. Although Williamson County provides ambulatory services, the City Fire Department retains responsibility as the first response for medical emergencies. The Fire Department is also contracted to serve the Vista Oaks and Chandler Creek Municipal Utility Districts. The Department is organized into four divisions, including suppression, prevention, emergency management, and training. A fire and 911 dispatch facility is housed in the Police Department. To measure its cost-effectiveness, the Fire Department uses cost per capita. Staff and compensation account for most of the budget. The Department operates on a two-year budget and five-year funding cycle. Facilities are funded through bond elections while staff salaries are funded through operations and maintenance moneys. The Department also manages a replacement program for fire apparatus. 64 COMMUNITY FACILITIES Table 6.1 Fire Facilities inventory Name Location Service District Central Station Station No. 2 Station No. 3 Station No. 4 Station No. 5 203 Commerce Boulevard 300 Blair Street 1992 Rawhide Drive 3300 Gattis School Road 400 Deepwood Drive North Central Southwest Southeast West Central Source: City of Round Rock Fire Department Future Needs The physical expansion of Round Rock is the determining factor in planning fire facilities or allocating districts. The continued growth of Round Rock will necessitate fire stations in areas presently outside the city limits. The City expects an ultimate total of eight fire stations. In addition to new stations, the City is considering the construction of a multi -story training facility for use by Emergency Medical Services (EMS), the Fire Department, and the Police Department. Public safety agencies would use the facility for both classroom and hands on training. Through these initiatives, the Fire Department hopes to meet the service challenges associated with a rapidly growing city and provide cost-effective service for residents. 6.3 Police Services Department Considerations The Round Rock Police Department has a wide range of public safety concerns reflecting the City's unique character and location. Round Rock is a rapidly growing and largely urbanized city within the larger Austin metropolitan area and is bisected by Interstate 35, a heavily traveled interstate and international corridor. Each of these characteristics represents oftentimes divergent issues for the Police Department and must be considered for adequate police services for City residents and businesses. The General Plan 2000 goals cite the maintenance of a safe environment for all citizens and a reduction in criminal activity. These form the basis for Department goals. The Department uses car patrols, bicycle patrols, and citizen partnerships to ensure safety throughout the City. Overall, the central component of police protection is a highly visible police presence. Each police officer is responsible for specific geographic areas in the City. Response time, therefore, is related to the patrol area rather than the location of the police station and is dependent on call priority. 65 COMMUNITY FACILITIES Facilities Inventor- The Police Department is currently served by a central station at 615 East Palm Valley Boulevard. The facility has 20,000 square feet with the potential for expansion over the next ten years to approximately 30,000 square feet. Future Needs The Department uses both population and population density to assess community and Department needs. Table 6.2 provides a summary of future personnel and space requirements. Table 6.2 Projected Police Needs Year City Officers Civilians Population' (1.78/1,000 (0.5/officer, residents) with phase-in) Total Projected Personnel Total Projected Space Requirements (125 sq. ft./person) 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 53,286 63,951 74,615 85,280 95,945 95 114 133 152 171 382 57 67 76 86 133 171 200 228 257 16,625 21,375 25,000 28,500 32,125 Source City of Round Rock Police Department 1Population figures represent linear projections. See Chapter 3 for details. 2The number of civilians listed for 2000 are part of a phase-in period and do not yet reflect 0.5 civilians per officer. To adequately serve community needs, the Department has identified a number of priorities. One of the most important is adequate facilities. As the Department grows, it requires additional space for both administration and training. The Police Department anticipates the renovation of the adjacent Parks and Recreation Department offices and their conversion into police offices and possibly locker rooms. The Police Department is also considering the purchase of a neighboring parcel of land for further expansion around 2010. Appropriate facilities should include space for additional holding cells, evidence storage, and processing. Through 2020, the Department may develop a few small satellite offices out of fire stations for routine duties but does not anticipate the construction of large substations. Training needs include the construction of a firearms range and a driving track. As a cost-effective means to meet facilities requirements and encourage interdepartmental coordination, the Police Department hopes to develop these as joint -use facilities. Planning and organization for training facilities is expected to begin in fiscal year 2000. 66 COMMUNITY FACILITIES Maintenance is a significant issue for the Department. The Department has a fleet of 150 vehicles and may want to hire staff to service vehicles at a dedicated maintenance facility. Another option is to contract vehicle maintenance to a private firm. Procedurally, the Department anticipates an assessment of administrative police duties to determine if civilian personnel can assume some of them. The Police Department will also continue to coordinate with abutting jurisdictions to determine who will patrol specific areas. Lastly, the Department anticipates enhanced partnerships between the police and residents as a means to enhance the City's quality of life. Overall, the Police Department is committed to working with the community to provide personalized service that strengthens the relationship between police and citizens. Initiatives are designed to enhance police service in the face of rapid population growth and City expansion. 6.4 Library Services Department Considerations Originally organized in 1962, the Round Rock Public Library serves the educational and research needs of the local community. Materials focus on the tastes and needs of the average citizen. Library collections do not attempt to duplicate nearby school or university collections or cover materials of extremely narrow interest. The library coordinates some of its programs with the State Library and is part of the Central Texas Library System. Library staff coordinates and supports a wide variety of programs. Services are provided for all age groups ranging from daycare site visits, children's story times, and parenting instruction, to adult literacy and internet usage. Recent program enhancements include the addition of a computer and a CD-ROM for the library genealogy collection. The City Council has also been supportive of increased moneys for library materials over the past two years. Summer is an especially active time for the library. The library offers one major program each week throughout the summer for children, teens, and families. Approximately 2,000 children enroll each year in an eight week summer reading program. To provide better internet training and access, the number of internet terminals will soon double from three to six, and by 2000 to eighteen. To manage computer resources, the library will add a computer systems administrator in late 1999. The administrator will maintain library computer resources, train staff, assist the public, and keep equipment and software current and in good repair. 67 COMMUNITY FACILITIES Facilities Inventory The current two-story facility has 11,000 square feet and houses 89,000 items, in both print and multimedia format. It was built in 1980 and renovated in 1988. The current library expansion is scheduled for completion in September 1999. Initially, all library functions will transfer to the expanded area. The old facility will then be remodeled and subsequently joined with the new facility. The expanded facility will have approximately 41,000 square feet of floor space, nearly quadrupling the current space, and will ultimately house 150,000 items. The expanded facility will also add private and group study rooms, large meeting rooms, and a Children's Computer Learning Center. The Children's Computer Learning Center is a new feature designed to meet the information needs of our children. While children have used the internet stations in the library, the new area will include educational software on CD-ROM and filtered internet access. The expanded facility will also house the relocated Round Rock Volunteer Center. The Volunteer Coordinator places human service volunteers throughout the entire City. A self-help research center of the Micro Enterprise Incubator, a Community Development program, will be located in the library to assist those starting small businesses. The Adult Learning Center, sponsored by the Literacy Council of Williamson County, will also be housed in the library. Future Needs The current libraty expansion is expected to effectively serve the physical plant needs of Round Rock until nearly 2010. To gauge space requirements, the American Library Association (ALA) has established a standard of 0.6 square feet of libraty space per capita. Using current population projections, library staff determined the following needs: Table 6.3 Projected Library Needs Year 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Population' Staffing Number of Items Required Area (2 items per resident) (0.6 square feet per resident) 53,286 31 106,572 31,972 63,951 34 127,902 38,371 74,615 37 149,230 44,769 (47 with branch) 85,280 42 170,560 51,168 (53 with branch) 95,945 48 191,890 57,567 (60 with branch) Source: City of Round Rock Public Library ' Population figures denote linear projections. See Chapter 3 for details. By 2010, the library building will need augmentation to adequately serve the needs of the community. Expansion of library facilities is guided both by the number and the 68 COMMUNITY FACILITIES location of residents. As the City expands and residents become more geographically dispersed, adequate access for each area may no longer be possible using one central facility. Branch facilities are therefore anticipated. One ALA measurement states that a library facility should be located within a ten minute drive from a home. As Round Rock continues to grow northeast and southeast, ideal branch locations would be in the northeast quadrant of the City, followed by the southeast. The library branch could be part of other remote City facilities, such as a recreation building or senior citizen's center. In addition to adequate facilities, adequate staffing is critical to meet evolving community needs. Overall, expanded facilities require additional staff supervision. The library staff would also like to add programs to fill existing program gaps. As the community becomes more diverse, the library foresees broadening its role from providing programs for preschool through middle school aged children to expanding programs for teenagers, the elderly, and younger toddlers. To address the needs of teens and seniors, a Special Services Librarian is proposed. Populations such as entrepreneurs and businesses will also be targeted for specialised services. Each library initiative is designed to provide community building services. It is expected that current residents will take full advantage of additional library offerings and new facilities. While new facilities and offerings may meet the latent demand for services, population is expected to rise unabated, creating an even greater demand for library services. Such factors, therefore, indicate that increased staff levels and future expansions will be necessary. 6.5 Parks & Recreation Department Considerations Parkland and open space are essential elements in the urban environment. Parks provide public space suitable for competition, play, or relaxation. Parks also provide a retreat from an oftentimes congested environment. The park system provides the public with a range of park types and facilities designed to serve the varied needs of City residents, young and old alike. The foundation of the current parks system can be traced to 1982. In 1982, the City Council adopted a Parks Development Guide. The 1982 Guide, revised in 1996, addressed goals and accomplishments, inventoried land and facilities, and designated an overall policy for parks and recreational development. Since the development of the first Guide, the Parks and Recreation Department (PARD) has created numerous parks within the City including the 439 acre Old Settlers Park at Palm Valley. At present PARD is developing a Parks and Open Space Plan as an update to the Parks Development Guide. The Plan will use the goals and objectives of the General Plan 2000 and citizen input to assess current 69 COMMUNITY FACILITIES facilities and develop plans to meet future community needs. It will serve as a master plan for the City's parks system and, upon completion, the City will incorporate it into the General Plan 2000. Historically, residents have used City parks for outdoor recreation. Outdoor recreation takes into account a variety of uses, both active and passive. Facilities are also used year round for PARD sponsored activities, both indoor and outdoor. These include recreational instruction classes, aquatics, youth athletics, adult athletics, special events, and senior programs. For Fiscal Year 1996 (FY 96), the period October 1, 1995, through September 30, 1996, there were approximately 74,000 participants in PARD sponsored activities. For FY 97, the number rose to 89,000, a twenty percent increase. At the same time, the number of residents rose by only six percent. As PARD constructs new facilities and acquires additional properties, and as the City's population grows, PARD expects similar annual increases in participation. Facilities In`ntory NEIGHBORH000 PARKS Neighborhood parks are the basic element in the City park system. They provide recreation facilities within walking distance of most residents. In addition, a number of small private parks with various amenities are operated by homeowner associations. These private facilities usually center on a swimming pool maintained through homeowner association fees. Round Rock has nineteen neighborhood parks, covering over 77 acres. These offer facilities for all age groups and include playgrounds, play fields, and passive recreation areas. Neighborhood parks are generally acquired through the subdivision process. The City plans to continue to receive land dedications to develop neighborhood parks. Neighborhood parks may also be developed in conjunction with school sites. The combination of neighborhood scale parks and school sites allows a variety of uses and equipment at a lower cost to the community than separate facilities. In order to jointly develop park and school sites, close cooperation is required between the City and the Round Rock Independent School District as school sites are selected, acquired, and developed. COMMUNITY PARKS Community parks are generally larger than neighborhood parks. They are intended to meet the needs of several neighborhoods and provide facilities for all age groups. Facilities may include tennis courts, sports fields, picnic areas, swimming pools, and playground equipment. These parks generally range in size from ten to thirty acres. Round Rock has ten community parks, which account for 202 acres. Community parks serve a substantial number of people and should be sited with good pedestrian, bicycle, and automobile access. 70 COMMUNITY FACILITIES SPORTS FIELDS City sports fields serve a variety of users and are often located within community parks. The City has six sports sites. These sites account for an additional 80 acres of PARD facilities. Table 6.4 lists the number of existing sports fields by type. Table 6.4 Sports Fields Type Number Adult Softball 2 Football Fields 3 Soccer Fields 11 Youth Baseball 16 Youth Softball 4 Total: 36 Source: City of Round Rock Parks and Recreation Department OLD SETTLERS PARK AT PALM VALLEY Old Settlers Park at Palm Valley is the largest City park with 439 acres. It is located along US 79, a main east -west arterial. It serves as a regional park and is designed to provide a range of activities to the entire City. Recreational facilities include sports fields, playground equipment, a trail, pavilions, fishing lake, disk golf course, festival area, and picnic areas. The site features historic cabins along with a large hall, known as the "Tabernacle," used for social functions and City events. The park was acquired in 1987 in large part through the efforts of the Old Settlers Association, a non-profit organization dedicated to the preservation of Williamson County's history and heritage. GREENBELTS Round Rock has an abundance of creeks and small reservoirs suitable for use as greenbelts. As part of an ongoing process, the City works with developers and utility companies to incorporate lakes, creeksides, and large utility easements into the City's greenbelt system. Currently, PARD has 98 acres in its greenbelt system. In the future, some sections of the greenbelt system may link parks. GOLF COURSE The City owns the eighteen -hole Forest Creek Golf Course, located east of County Road 122 within the Forest Creek subdivision. The course was completed in the Fall of 1990 and has been one of the highest rated daily fee courses in the State. The course is run by a management company and is self supporting. It features a driving range, pro shop, and snack bar. SWIMMING POOLS 71 COMMUNITY FACILITIES The City maintains two swimming pools, Micki Krebsbach, located adjacent to the Round Rock High School on Deepwood Drive, and Lake Creek Pool, located in the Lake Creek Park off Park Lane. Micki Krebsbach Pool is the larger of the two. It was opened in 1996, covers 10,190 square feet, and has a 644 -person capacity. It features three types of pools: a competition pool, a plunge pool with a tower slide, and a leisure pool with water features. Lake Creek Pool covers 4,634 square feet and has a 345 person capacity. It is a traditional L-shaped pool with one and three meter diving boards. A separate wading pool for toddlers covers an additional 400 square feet and has a capacity of thirty children. CLAY MADSEN INDOOR RECREATION CENTER The Clay Madsen Center, to be located in Greenslopes Park on Gattis School Road, is a new PARD facility scheduled for completion in April 2000. Originally designed as a somewhat smaller center, plans were expanded after the community indicated a desire for a larger facility. The $4.8 million center was funded through 1996 General Obligation Bonds, 1998 Certificates of Obligation, and a Local Parks Grant. The center totals 50,000 square feet and features an indoor six -lane lap pool, two gymnasiums, four racquetball courts, exercise facilities, a game room, a meeting room, an arts and crafts room, and a full kitchen. The center will accommodate both scheduled and walk-in activities. PARD will offer both family and individual membership plans. Future Needs Trends indicate that Round Rock's steady growth will continue. The City anticipates the development of most privately held vacant and agricultural lands within the next twenty years along with associated increases in population. As the City grows, so will the demand for park facilities. Citizens and the City Council have identified several parks objectives in the General Plan 2000 update process. The forthcoming Parks and Open Space Plan will build on these objectives. Using citizen input, it will assess community needs, evaluate priorities, and establish implementation plans. Citizens and staff have already identified several issues including the development of a trails system, the preservation of scenic open spaces, the revitalization of current parks, a reorientation of the transportation system to better serve the parks system, an increase in the number of recreational facilities and fields within the City, and increased staff levels. TRAILS SYSTEM In light of urbanization, General Plan 2000 goals and objectives cite the development of a trails system and open space plan as a means to protect and utilize the City's unique ecological features and help maintain the City's current quality of life. As stated earlier, the City uses parkland dedications during the subdivision process as the main device to fulfill park needs. Coupled with parkland dedications, the City anticipates the firm delineation of desired trail parcels and the purchase of those parcels by the City. A developed trails system would provide recreational opportunities within the City, connections between 72 COMMUNITY FACILITIES neighborhoods and services, links between smaller neighborhood parks and larger parks, and links with neighboring communities. Within the City, links to the City Sidewalk Plan would ensure trail access for all City residents. Existing natural features would be utilized whenever possible. In addition to natural features, trails could connect residents to the new convention center/stadium complex and Round Rock's historic areas, including Downtown, Chisholm Trail, and Palm Valley. The City expects trails to benefit the community in a number of ways. According to a study sponsored by the U.S. Department of Transportation, the community benefits in a broad range of areas including transportation, recreation, economics, education, environmental protection, historic preservation, cultural enhancement, access, planning, and quality of life. OPEN SPACE Round Rock has a diverse natural heritage including native prairie lands, woodlands, and creeks. These areas are home to a number of sensitive plant and animal species. The Parks and Open Space Plan will enhance the character of the City, protect property values, and provide buffers to roadway expansions while creating unique recreational venues. Open space preservation should focus on floodplains to preclude degradation of water sources and costly engineering solutions during development. The potential also exists for a parklands interpretive and education center. Such a center could be the focal point for environmental education within the City and provide access to local trails. REVITALIZE EXISTING PARKS In conjunction with the development of a trails system and the construction of sidewalks in the City Sidewalk Plan, the City should continue the revitalization of its existing parks. Revitalization ensures all residents have access to adequate and inviting facilities. As with trails, park facilities should utilize existing natural features to the maximum extent possible. Besides significant natural features, other means to entice residents to visit park facilities include planted trees and landscaping, comfortable areas to rest, connected pathways, and adequate facilities. Park use can also be increased through the creation of a connected system of transportation options including sidewalks, trails, and bike lanes. TRANSPORTATION Transportation is a critical component of any park system and helps determine park usage. Current links primarily emphasize the automobile. A more balanced transportation network would include pedestrian and bicycle links between residences, schools, and parks. These links ensure safe access, particularly for children, and preclude parents from rigidly scheduling each park trip. Additionally, pedestrian and bicycle links ensure continued foot traffic, which helps keep parks safe, and could be used by Police bicycle patrols. Round Rock has the opportunity to incorporate several transportation modes to link origins 73 COMMUNITY FACILITIES and destinations within the City as it implements its Transportation Master Plan. New construction and expansions to existing facilities should consider pedestrians, cyclists, and accessibility, particularly for children and the elderly. RECREATION Already PARD maintains an ambitious recreation program. To meet increasing demands for recreation, PARD anticipates the continued development of recreational venues through 2020. One of the greatest needs is youth and adult athletic fields. PARD will continue to develop fields in conjunction with schools and parks as a cost-effective means to meet demands. The forthcoming Parks and Open Space Plan will help identify the needs of the community and will drive the location and number of facilities. STAFF LEVELS Staff level increases are necessary to effectively manage any increase in facilities and properties. With few exceptions, staff levels have remained relatively static over the past decade despite significant increases in PARD managed properties and programs. To effectively fulfill its obligations, PARD expects to hire additional staff throughout the ensuing decades. In October 1998, the Department hired its first parks planner and urban forester. The parks planner provides expertise in the design and maintenance of playground equipment, athletic fields, and parks. Other duties include project management and public relations. The urban forester manages the natural resources of the City and outreach programs. Both positions provide in-house expertise and demonstrate a renewed emphasis on public outreach and interdepartmental coordination. SUMMARY Round Rock has the opportunity to develop an enviable parks system. An abundance of significant natural features, a rich historical heritage, a significant residential population, and the potential for links throughout the City, indicate that the enhancement and development of the City parks system would be successful and well received. Goals identified through citizen and City Council efforts indicate that adequate parks and recreation facilities are important to the community. The City's commitment is demonstrated by the development of the forthcoming Parks and Open Space Plan, which will identify those areas deemed most important to the community. In conjunction with the Parks and Open Space Plan, a campaign should be initiated to identify funding sources including private donations and the leveraging of City funds with private, State, and federal moneys. Also important are increases in staff levels to effectively manage PARD facilities and programs. Such a strategy shows the promise of meeting the needs of a growing and diverse population. 74 COMMUNITY FACILITIES 6.6 Convention Center/Stadium Complex Facility Description The convention center/stadium complex is located along US 79 and is expected to be complete by April 2000. The complex will seat 7,500 and is intended to be used year round for events such as tournaments, clinics, camps, conferences, meetings, retreats, receptions, trade shows, and concerts. For sporting events, the complex includes an overflow grass berm, which can accommodate an additional 2,500 people. The complex is expected to accommodate 10,000 people at concerts. Initially proposed in 1998, the convention center/stadium complex represents a major investment by the City and a diversification of the economic base. The complex is a joint project between the City of Round Rock and RSR Sports, Incorporated. The complex is anticipated to cost approximately $15 million and is financed through both private investment and City revenue bonds. Revenue bonds will be repaid through hotel occupancy taxes. The City expects the complex to increase local revenues, lead to further development in the Palm Valley area, and provide a venue for family entertainment. In keeping with the historic and natural heritage of the Palm Valley area, the complex is designed using natural materials and with attention to nearby natural features and historic sites. Palm Valley Lutheran Church and Cemetery, the Israel- Telander homestead, and Kenney Fort are historic sites near the complex. Future Considerations To enhance the Palm Valley area and support the City's investment in the complex, the Planning and Community Development Department is developing a Palm Valley Area Plan. Ultimately, the Area Plan will recommend standards, uses, and roadway designs to preserve and enhance the natural and historic nature of the area. Given the large number of people expected at various events, transit is another critical consideration for the continued viability of the complex and the adjacent neighborhoods. Chapter 5, Future Land Use, contains a more detailed description of the Palm Valley Area Plan under Section 5.4, Plan Features. 6.7 Schools District Considerations The City of Round Rock and most of its extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ) lie within the Round Rock Independent School District (ISD). Portions of the Round Rock ETJ are served by the Georgetown, Hutto, and Leander ISDs. While 75 COMMUNITY FACILITIES the Round Rock ISD is the primary focus of this section, the issues cited are applicable to all districts represented in the Planning Area. The Round Rock ISD serves Round Rock along with portions of Austin, Cedar Park, and Georgetown. The District is responsible for all decisions affecting schools and facilities. While school decisions are made by the District, the location and size of school sites and facilities are related to elements of the General Plan 2000. The Round Rock ISD currently has twenty-three elementary, seven middle, and three high schools. Of these schools, twelve elementary, four middle, and one high school are within the Planning Area as defined in Chapter 1. The District is currently building a 24th elementary school, Caldwell Heights, on Chandler Road, and a 4th high school, Stony Point, on Bowman Road next to Hopewell Middle School. Both Caldwell Heights Elementary and Stony Point High School will serve City residents. Caldwell Heights is scheduled to open in October 1999, and will provide enrollment relief for Double File Trail, Forest Creek, and Robertson Elementary Schools. Stony Point is scheduled to open in August 1999 and will relieve Round Rock High School. The Planning Area contains adequate undeveloped land for future school construction. Schools are constrained, however, due to the State's school financing scheme. Texas has specified a maximum of $1.50 taxation per $100 of property valuation for school maintenance and operations. District debt for construction is unlimited, so that new schools can be built, but once they open, schools cannot be staffed or supplied with utilities, due to the maintenance and operations restrictions. Increases in property values offer no relief, as State funding is decreased as tax revenues climb. If property values rise high enough, the District would be required to send some property taxes back to the State for redistribution to low revenue areas. Although the State gives the District a stipend for every new pupil, these funds do not offset the loss of other State funds due to increased property valuations. The net result is a loss of funds each year. At the same time, enrollments are rising at the fastest rate in the District's history. These factors have contributed to enrollments for the 1998-1999 school year above permanent building capacity levels at twelve of the seventeen schools within the Planning Area. To meet student demands, the District employs measures such as boundary modifications and the installation of portable classrooms. The District currently maintains approximately 200 portables, which account for approximately 400 classrooms. Student demands are also met through early site selection and the construction of schools with the potential for expansion. These methods offer a cost-effective means to meet future enrollment demands. Despite enrollment pressures, all facilities are well maintained and contain comparable features. Consistent facilities across the schools are due in large part to a 1994 bond issue. The 1994 bond issue raised money for upgrades to older 76 COMMUNITY FACILITIES facilities. Elementary schools were most affected. All elementary schools, regardless of age, now feature science, art, and music rooms, along with mini -gyms and computer labs. A larger bond issue in 1996 financed additions to several schools, classroom technology upgrades, several new roofs, and the construction of Caldwell Heights Elementary School and Stony Point High School. To keep abreast of changes in school enrollments, the District hired a demographer in the mid-1980s. The demographer develops projections for school enrollments based on the number of current and projected houses and apartment units. Enrollment projections are used to assess the adequacy of current facilities and to guide expansions and new building construction. The demographer coordinates on a regular basis with the Planning and Community Development Department staff and reviews proposed developments within the Planning Area. Communication between the City and District officials ensures consistency between land use, transportation, and facility siting plans. District officials also periodically coordinate with developers to reserve space within new developments for school sites, when appropriate, and consider the development of joint school/park facilities as a cost-effective solution to facility needs. Facilities Inventory Table 6.5 Elementary Schools1 Name PermanentBuilding Capacity Enrallm «anuary 7 ent Capacity 999) Percentage 1. Berkman 2. Bluebonnet 3. Brushy Creek 4. Caldwell Heights 5. Deepwood 6. Double File Trail2 7. Fern Bluff 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Forest Creek2 Gattis Great Oaks Old Town Robertson Voigt 500 460 600 750 420 680 500 (1998-1999) 852 (1999-2000) 750 420 750 620 400 640 513 652 598 413 735 619 922 676 597 812 448 615 102.6 % 141.7 % 99.7 % 98.3 108.1 123.8 % 72.7 122.9 % 160.9 79.6% 131.0 112.0 96.1 Source: Round Rock Independent School District I Only those Round Rock ISD schools in the Planning Area, as defined 2These schools will gain enrollment relief after the opening of Caldwell in Chapter 1, are listed. Heights. 77 COMMUNITY FACILITIES Table 6.6 Middle Schools+ Name Permanent Building Capacity Enrollment January 1999) Capacity Percentage 1. Cedar Valley 900 (1998-1999) 1,049 1,300 (1999-2000) 2. Chisolm Trail 900 1,009 3. C D Fulkes 800 739 4. Hopewell 900 931 Source: Round Rock Independent School District I Only those Round Rock ISD schools in the Planning Area, as defined in Chapter 1, are listed. 116.6 % 80.7 % 112.1 % 92.4 % 103.4 % Table 6.7 High Schools1 Name Permanent Building Enrollment Capacity January 1999) Capacity Percentage 1. Stony Point 2. Round Rock' 1,700 2,337 3,501 149.8 % Source: Round Rock Independent School District I Only those Round Rock ISD schools in the Planning Area, as defined in Chapter 1, are listed. 2 Round Rock High School will gain enrollment relief after the opening of Stony Point. Future Needs Meeting the future needs of a rapidly growing district is a formidable challenge. Since the late 1980's the District has seen an average annual enrollment increase of over 900 students per year. Enrollment growth is likely to continue for the foreseeable future given the strong employment growth in Central Texas and the construction of thousands of homes. To meet these challenges the District solicits the involvement of several entities in decision making. While the District and City staffs coordinate on a regular basis for school issues, citizen committees are a vital part of any expansion or construction decision. When the need arises, several different citizen committees are formed to study the needs of the District, develop proposals, and make recommendations to the School Board. These proposals, along with citizen input, help guide School Board decisions. Citizens active in the Parent Teacher Association (PTA) have also lobbied for the reform of the State's school financing scheme. Because of the efforts of the PTA and other concerned parties, several bills have recently been proposed in the Texas legislature to relieve some of the financing pressures on high growth areas. School planning efforts culminate in the development of a District Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) each year. The CIP provides enrollment projections for 78 COMMUNITY FACILITIES the next five years and specifies the timetable and location of future facilities. Among other things, current plans recommend land purchases for future schools, the construction of a fifth high school, and the construction of one or two middle schools within the District. Future considerations include the expansion of Gattis Elementary School. While not an implementation plan, the CIP provides a starting point for more focused efforts by future citizen committees. Through the years, the District and community have successfully met the educational needs of the community in the midst of rapid population growth. While enrollment pressures are not anticipated to level off in the near future, the framework is in place to handle these pressures in a consistent and effective manner. 6.8 Summary Overall, analysis of community facilities indicates that population pressures and steady development will continue during the next twenty years. Population growth and the steady expansion of the City represent formidable challenges to community agencies. To meet these challenges, community agencies will respond in some cases with new construction, expansions, modernization, and increased maintenance. 2010 will be a critical year for facility expansions. Shared facilities and joint projects represent cost- effective methods to meet some of these demands. Other common themes among community agencies are the need for increased staffing and the need for additional programs to adequately serve a growing population. Crafting solutions is a labor intensive process for City staff and growth initially involves an increased workload for numerous City employees. At a certain point, augmentation is necessary to manage increased workloads. Response to growth also takes the form of internal disruption and evolution in the way we operate as a City. The City anticipates new relationships, partnerships, and communication channels between agencies, along with the communication infrastructure to handle these initiatives. Agency connections and relationships ensure a consistent response to community needs, particularly those not currently integrated into the physical, social, or economic fabric of the community. Attention to these issues ensures a consistent quality of community services for all residents. 79 Extraterritorial Jurisdiction County Annex 0 v c/D ,C) -0 v 0 oo -t-C v0 c.) ,--• oCH c E ,9 v -E E c c .c-) cf) N co to CO CP 0 a- N VI LO tO CO O'S N In CD I, CO C7) a- a- . •-• N C4 N NNNN N N Akitifti?, tit WAN, a 0 20a7RM 01,7.7,7n, ^ 4 iMik 4,60* yagig ' 0 a) 0 a) a.) Of) co a. a TRANSPORTATION Providing residents with access to work, services, and recreation through a transportation system with options to walk, bike, or drive 7.1 Introduction Transportation touches many facets of life. In addition to access to work, schools, and services, it provides links to other neighborhoods, creates a venue for exercise, and can become a community space that facilitates interaction with neighbors. Transportation facilities also have negative impacts, such as noise, vibration, air pollution, water pollution, and congestion, which can reduce residents' quality of life and lead to serious health problems. Overall, an effective transportation system facilitates access while minimizing these detrimental effects. The Transportation Master Plan, along with the General Plan 2000, represents policy determinations by the local community to address these challenges. The goals and objectives of the General Plan 2000 seek a connected City transportation system to serve the needs of all residents. Transportation options should include pedestrian, bicycle, and automobile facilities along with a recreational hike and bike system. Facilities should be designed to enhance safety while providing adequate buffers. The City should adopt effective land use policies that ensure continued access to work and services. As roadways function as City gateways, they should be designed with adequate aesthetic standards including screening, landscaping, and civic art. 7.2 Transportation Master Plan Throughout the General Plan 2000 update, many citizens cited traffic congestion and transportation as important issues. Round Rock surveys conducted in the Spring of 1998 confirmed the concerns of both the City Council and the City staff that traffic is the key growth related problem affecting the City. To meet the transportation needs of the community, the City contracted with Rust Lichliter/Jameson, now Earth Tech, Incorporated, to develop a transportation master plan. The study began in November 1997 with the following objectives: • evaluate the existing transportation network; • identify current and future land uses and travel patterns, as well as population and employment forecasts; 80 TRANSPORTATION • identify environmentally sensitive areas; • develop roadway design standards; • facilitate public awareness and incorporate citizen participation into the City's planning process; • identify the necessary transportation network improvements to provide efficient and safe travel in Round Rock; and • develop a prioritized improvement plan to serve the transportation needs of the community for the next twenty years and beyond. The resultant Transportation Master Plan, adopted by the City Council on January 14, 1999, delineates a system of roadways for 2007, 2017, and for an ultimate buildout. While the General Plan 2000 establishes transportation goals and objectives, the Transportation Master Plan utilizes technical data to support those goals and objectives. The Transportation Master Plan uses travel demand models to estimate existing and future traffic volumes. While traffic modeling is a useful tool for planning future roadways, it is but one of several inputs and does not take the place of sound policy judgments. It remains, however, a useful input. To be effective, models must be regularly updated to reflect development and land use changes. Such changes could produce high volumes of traffic that overwhelm a roadway's capacity. One serious modeling limitation is that models merely calculate future automobile movements but do not consider pedestrian or cyclist trips. As such, modeling offers no indication of which traffic control devices will facilitate pedestrian and bicycle trips or enhance pedestrian and cyclist safety. Subsequently designing roadways without consideration for cyclists or pedestrians can lead to unsafe conditions for all users of a facility. Adequate attention must be paid to pedestrian and cyclist design features, such as crosswalks, sidewalks, and bike lanes. The City anticipates designs sensitive to the needs of all users as roadways are developed. The Transportation Master Plan also includes a number of maps, which should be used to plan and construct future roadways. The first map identifies potential hazardous sites that could impact roadway construction. Another displays floodplains, wetlands, and the boundaries of the Edwards Aquifer. These features should be avoided whenever possible to limit degradation of water sources and habitat. The three arterial roadway maps are an essential part of the Transportation Master Plan. The first displays the ultimate arterial roadway buildout for the City. The last two show anticipated phased roadway construction for 2007 and 2017. While a bicycle plan was initially included in the Transportation Master Plan, it was removed so that it could be coordinated with the City's forthcoming Parks and Open Space Plan. The Parks and 81 TRANSPORTATION Open Space Plan will address and develop a unified trails system along with a bike lane system for City arterials. In addition to an Ultimate Roadway Plan for the City, the Transportation Master Plan includes documentation governing desired alignments, typical cross-sections, and ultimate rights-of-way. Table 7.1, found at the end of this chapter, lists these specifications. This document should be used to ensure compatibility between roadways and proposed developments. Developments must include adequate rights- of-way and roadway designs responsive to City standards. The Transportation Master Plan, however, should not be construed as a static document. The General Plan amendment process recognizes that conditions may change which require changes to the Transportation Master Plan. The General Plan amendment process is outlined in Section 11.200 of the Zoning Ordinance. It allows amendments to the General Plan, including the Transportation Master Plan, to accommodate changed conditions. 7.3 Right -of -Way Protection It is desirable from the standpoint of both circulation and maintenance costs for the City to develop all arterials to adequate standards. However, itis not necessary to initially construct them to their full capacity, if full capacity is not required for several years. As mentioned earlier, the Transportation Master Plan delineates the anticipated construction schedule for the City's Arterial Roadway System for 2007, 2017, and buildout (see Table 7.1). Improvements should be made and coordinated in accordance with this overall schedule and with the anticipated needs and capacity of the roadways. All required rights-of-way should be designated early in the development process, preferably with the preliminary plat phase of the subdivision process. By designating arterial rights-of-way, the City is preserving adequate space prior to streets being developed. The Plan helps property owners identify the City's intention to develop the arterial system, and may prevent conflicting uses which interfere with the efficient functioning of the system. 7.4 Functional Roadway Classification The street system provides the basic framework around which the City is built The street pattern determines, to a considerable extent, the distribution of residences, schools, industries, shopping, and emergency services, along with urban design. Few of the physical facilities of the City are as permanent as the streets, and once buildings are erected on abutting properties, any change in the location or width of roadways is likely to be difficult and expensive. Since approximately 25 percent of the developed area of the City is devoted to streets and their associated rights-of-way, proper planning for the development of these facilities is a prime planning concern. The purpose of planning a street system is to ensure access, mobility, and safety for all modes of travel. A clear understanding of the functional relationships between various 82 TRANSPORTATION travel modes and types of streets is essential_ The function of each street, along with topography and other existing features, determines its location, alignment, grade, width, and relationship with other streets. Roadways also affect land use decisions for areas adjacent to roadways. The greatest automobile traffic volumes within the City are created by trips from residential areas to places of employment and shopping, and by the transportation of materials to and from business, commercial, industrial, and construction areas. Street system design and classification depend on the type of user and the volume, direction, and distance the expected traffic must travel The functional classification system includes freeways, arterials, collectors, and local streets. FREEWAYS Freeways are limited access highways intended to move high volumes of automobile traffic at relatively high speeds over long distances. They are direct links between major automobile traffic generators and have controlled access to maximize uninterrupted automobile traffic flow and automobile safety. Frontage is provided along adjacent service roads or from intersecting City streets. Freeways connect the local area with cities outside the region. They are not intended to serve local traffic needs. They are the only road facility that does not serve pedestrians or cyclists. Interstate 35 is the only freeway that serves the Round Rock area. ARTERIALS Arterials are continuous routes intended to serve the high volume needs of both the local area and the region. Access is controlled by planning the locations of intersecting streets, left turn lanes, and signalization. The function of these streets can be protected through ordinances regulating the number and location of median breaks and driveway cuts. Due to high automobile speeds, protective measures should be made for cyclists and pedestrians along these routes. US 79, RM 620, FM 1431, and FM 1325 are the primary arterials in Round Rock. COLLECTORS Collectors provide access and movement within residential, commercial, and industrial areas. Operating speeds are slower than arterials and turning movements are expected. The City normally discourages the fronting of residences on collectors. Streets should be designed for medium volume, low speed traffic. LOCAL STREETS Local streets provide access to relatively small areas. Streets should be designed for low volume, low speed traffic. The length of the street and the number of dwelling units fronting the street are limited. 83 TRANSPORTATION 7.5 Relationship of Land Use and Transportation Land use and transportation are inextricably linked, although the relationship is difficult to define. Transportation decisions have implications for land use, and land use patterns affect transportation plans. Transportation planning is an attempt to resolve these relationships and determine optimal transportation solutions. But while transportation planning is a critical tool, it is merely one of a package of government tools. It is essential that transportation planning works in concert with social, economic, environmental, and land development policies to define overall government policies and priorities. Presently, the dominant social and economic force in the transportation system is the automobile. For the majority of residents, the automobile offers unparalleled mobility. Mobility exacts a price, however, in the form of significant government outlays and adverse environmental consequences. Environmental consequences include air, water, and noise pollution, vibration, and reduced safety for pedestrians and cyclists. Automobile mobility can also have land use implications and lead to a decentralized City shape, segregated land uses, and diminished access for the young, the elderly, and those with special needs. Conversely, close proximity of different land uses can help limit the length and frequency of certain automobile trips, preclude the need for the automobile in certain instances, encourage bicycle and pedestrian trips, and limit congestion. City policies should reflect an analysis of resultant transportation/land use effects in designing roadway systems and in addressing the needs of all travel modes. One of the analytical tools employed by transportation planners is a traffic impact analysis (TIA). TIAs gauge the increase in traffic generated by new development. Development approval should be conditioned on compliance with reasonable measures by the developer to accommodate increases in traffic. Such requirements ensure that public health, safety, and welfare are protected and that the City is not burdened with developments having inadequate infrastructure. Conversely, TIAs ensure that developers pay only for those improvements attributable to their developments and that the City does not exact unfair concessions from developers. The relationship between land use, transportation, and City policies is brought together by the actions of various City departments. Close cooperation and coordination is required among the Planning and Community Development Department, the Public Works Department, and the Parks and Recreation Department. Each department has a role in the orderly development of the City. Road specifications, sewer and utility connections, sidewalks, easements, landscaping, and park dedications are all considerations for new developments. City policies regarding these areas should support the goals and objectives of the General Plan 2000. Explicit requirements set forth in ordinances offer the City and the community an opportunity to work with developers to tailor roadway plans to the needs of specific developments and integrate those plans with existing developments and roadways. Overall, public and political discussion during the development process offers some indication of the values of the 84 TRANSPORTATION City. Thorough analyses and discussions identify the expected costs and benefits along with those who will benefit or bear some burden. Ultimately, the City hopes to increase the overall welfare of the community without unduly burdening any one portion of the populace. 7.6 Multimodal Concerns and City Identity Throughout the General Plan 2000 update process, the citizens and the City Council have dearly identified a desire for a transportation system that gives citizens the option to walk, bike, or drive throughout the City. They have also indicated a strong desire for measures to strengthen and enhance the City's identity and visual appearance. Two planning workshops specifically addressed these concerns: Transportation/Roadway Implications for Development and Community Identity and Appearance. City policies are expected to respond to these concerns and create a transportation system responsive to community desires. The consideration of safety is paramount for all users of transportation facilities. While automobile users are relatively protected within the confines of an automobile, pedestrians and cyclists have no such protection. The Institute of Transportation Engineers (111h) confirms these concerns. According to the 11E, pedestrian and bicycle injuries increase markedly in collisions with automobiles travelling above twenty miles per hour. Above 35 miles per hour, injuries usually endanger life or are fatal. Injuries result not only from the initial impact with a vehicle but from secondary impacts with the ground. It is therefore imperative that road designs provide adequate and appropriate space for nonmotorized travelers, such as cyclists and pedestrians. Separate bike lanes for experienced cyclists should be developed adjacent to automobile lanes while sidewalks should be separated from roadways by landscaped buffers. Crosswalks should be clearly marked and designed to minimize pedestrian walking distances across roadways. Larger roadways should feature separated grade crossings, particularly near schools, and landscaped medians. Landscaped medians act as a refuge for pedestrians and cyclists when crossing wide streets. Roadway designs should also preclude excessive automobile speeds. Since typical roadway designs allow cars to safely travel fifteen percent faster than posted speed limits, roadways should feature sufficient visual cues to keep automobile drivers within posted speed limits and to ensure pedestrian and bicycle safety. Crosswalk markings are one means to help achieve these goals. Crosswalks can be identified through paint markings, bricks, or textured concrete. Trees along the right-of-way can also help slow motorists. Studies have shown that trees not only enhance roadway aesthetics and contribute to a "sense of place," they also diffuse and buffer traffic noise and create a visual and psychological calming effect, which slows traffic (Planning Advisory Service Report 456). 85 TRANSPORTATION 7.7 National and Regional Context Although the General Plan 2000 and the Transportation Master Plan deal with local transportation decisions, transportation policies must also consider how Round Rock functions within a larger regional context Both national and regional forces help shape our transportation policies. A major influence is the Transportation Equity Act for the 21' Century (TEA -21) signed into law by the President on June 9, 1998. TEA - 21 authorizes highway, highway safety, transit, and other surface transportation programs for six years. One of the key provisions of TEA -21 is the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program (CMAQ). CMAQ provides a funding source to State and local governments to meet the requirements of the Clean Air Act CMAQ provisions are significant for Round Rock given that the Austin metropolitan area, of which Round Rock is a part, faces the prospect of being designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a non -attainment area for ozone in mid -2000. Ozone poses a serious health threat, especially to children. When inhaled, even at low levels, ozone can cause acute respiratory problems, aggravate asthma, decrease lung function, cause inflammation of lung tissue, impair the body's immune system defenses, and lead to hospital admissions and emergency room visits. Non -attainment status carries with it sanctions, penalties, and the potential loss of highway funds. In response to these air quality problems in the Austin metropolitan area, the Clean AIR Force was formed. The Clean AIR Force is an independent, non- profit coalition comprised of representatives from government, environmental, and business organizations. It formulates and promotes a community -wide campaign for air quality improvement. The City of Round Rock is a member of the Clean AIR Force, along with Austin, Cedar Park, Georgetown, Pflugerville, San Marcos, and fire county commissioner courts. Optimally, the Clean AIR Force hopes to reduce vehicle emissions voluntarily to avoid designation as a non -attainment area. There is also a "transitional" classification for areas that met the previous standard for ozone, but that violate the new standard. The transitional designation would be in lieu of a non -attainment designation and promises more flexibility in developing plans to come into compliance with the new ozone standard. To be eligible for the transitional classification, areas must have developed and begun implementing an air pollution control plan by the time the EPA makes non - attainment determinations in mid -2000. Another important provision of TEA -21 legislation is an effort to coordinate the actions of State officials, local officials, and transit operators to formulate a regional transportation plan. The Capital Area Metropolitan Planning Organization (CAMPO) is the local organization responsible for formulating the regional transportation plan. Round Rock is a part of the CAMPO planning area and the mayor of Round Rock is a member of the CAMPO Policy Advisory Committee, a group of elected and 86 TRANSPORTATION appointed officials from the metropolitan area. CAMPO develops both a twenty year long range plan and a three year Transportation Improvement Program to meet regional transportation needs. TEA -21 allocates some transportation funds to CAMPO. The CAMPO Policy Advisory Committee has total discretion over these funds and uses public input to decide public transportation policies. 7.8 Future Regional Concerns In 1986 citizens decided in a ballot measure to refrain from participating in the Capital Area Metropolitan Transit Authority (Capital Metro). At the time of the 1986 election, the City population was estimated at 26,725. That figure has nearly doubled to the April 1,1999, estimate of 52,040. Along with increases in population, the City now features large employment centers, such as Dell, conducive to transit The City should therefore study the feasibility of various transit systems. Possible systems could be implemented at a variety of levels ranging from limited shuttle service to a larger scale commitment such as light rail transit While Round Rock does not yet have the population density to warrant a comprehensive local bus system, the potential already exists for links to neighboring cities via light rail transit, bus transit, and commuter rail. Capital Metro is studying a light rail transit line, which would connect Round Rock to central Austin. Light rail would provide links to the University of Texas, The State Capital Complex, the Austin Central Business District, and the new Austin -Bergstrom Airport Subsequent rail lines could provide regional links with the Round Rock convention center/stadium complex. As part of another initiative, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) is studying the feasibility of High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes along Interstate 35. HOV lanes would provide buses, carpools, and vanpools with dedicated routes as an alternative to congested general purpose lanes. Park and ride facilities or transit centers could provide Round Rock residents access to HOV facilities. While Round Rock does not have a comprehensive local bus system, both public and private shuttles could provide transportation between HOV facilities and major activity centers within the City. Pedestrian, bicycle, and automobile facilities could provide links between HOV facilities and private residences. A third measure, proposed by the Austin -San Antonio Corridor Council, is a 110 mile commuter rail line from Georgetown to San Antonio. The line would feature 12 stops and possibly share Union Pacific freight rail lines. Such a system is envisioned to serve not only work related trips, but an increasing number of recreational, shopping, and educational trips throughout the travel corridor. As part of separate studies, TxDOT is analyzing two new highway facilities, State Highway (SH) 45, which would run east -west along the southern border of the City, and SH 130, which would run north -south east of the City. Each facility is planned as 87 TRANSPORTATION a toll road. While the City's Transportation Master Plan depicts the six lane SH 130 on an eastern alignment along FM 685, TxDOT is still considering a western alignment, developed in 1985, through various City neighborhoods. TxDOT plans to elevate several portions of SH 130 along the westem alignment immediately adjacent to single family homes. In addition to debilitating effects on the human environment, the western alignment is in direct conflict with the City Transportation Master Plan, as it precludes the City from building two major north -south arterials, Arterial A and Double Creek Boulevard. The City has identified north -south arterials as critical to local transportation needs. As a toll facility, it is unlikely that local residents would use SH 130 for short trips through the City. Local traffic would therefore be funneled onto a limited number of arterials, such as Arterial B/FM 1460 and CR 122, increasing congestion. Due to congestion, these remaining arterials would likely require expansions beyond the levels already specified in the Transportation Master Plan. In addition to pronounced congestion effects, degradation of City neighborhoods, denigration and destruction of historic sites, and destruction of local floodplain and other natural features, SH 130 would form a barrier to east -west travel within the City and a unified City development pattern. Such a barrier would divide school service areas and increase emergency vehicle response times. Lastly, the construction of SH 130 along a western alignment might require the City to move a major water storage facility and wastewater collection line at City expense. In response to these and other concerns, the City Council passed a resolution on February 25, 1999, endorsing an eastern alignment for SH 130. Unlike SH 130, SH 45 is an integral part of the City Transportation Master Plan. The roadway will serve the southern portion of the City and facilitate east -west movement for southern Williamson County from Cedar Park to Round Rock. The SH 45 corridor features major employment and commercial complexes which will benefit from the roadway. These uses are compatible with a roadway of SH 45's magnitude. A large portion of the right-of-way is already reserved for the project and the roadway features access roads, which offer viable transportation alternatives for City residents. In addition to connections to major employers in Williamson County, SH 45 provides viable connections to west Austin. 7.9 Summary In summary, the City seeks a balanced transportation system featuring pedestrian, bicycle, and automobile links, which offers residents access to both work and non work related destinations. Due to the permanence of transportation improvements, each should be planned to avoid costly retrofits in the future. Consideration should also be given to the future maintenance of the system. Overall, roadways should feature designs compatible with current land uses, include multiple modes, feature adequate buffers and landscaping, and reflect residents' desires. Using such an approach, the City hopes to meet the future transportation needs of the community in an effective manner. 88 Great Oaks Drive Extension c;i Forest Creek Extension 'Forest Creek X33- UJ J J Double Creek Extension (Double Creek Boulevard ? Double Creek Creek Bend Extension 'Creek Bend Extension g (1 JCR 170 2222 ��i��=6mp0ooDD "" J J J CR 117 CR 112 [CR 110 Chisolm Trail Chisolm Trail IChisolm Trail Extension ffUI.UUL 2) Roadway 2017 c m L_ 2017 J 2007 & 2017 c aa • cc A 2007 a . 2007 & 2017 c . 2017 N V 2017 2007 cc (D N V t� V N Vqa CCff. ffg 00 Ultimate 2007 2007 2017 !Rini seem 2007 & 2017 2007 & 2017 V V, RM 620 to Arterial C IH 35 to CR 122 Arterial A to existing Forest Creek Double Creek to Arterial A IH 35 to Sam Bass m 4O m C N V IH 35 to Wyoming Springs Gattis School to Forest Creek Arterial E to FM 1460 US 79 north to existing road - - Forest Creek to US 79 RM 620 to Sam Bass Road FM 3406 to FM 1431 Creek Bend to Great Oaks Drive - Wyoming Springs to north of Brushy Creek SH 45 to Schultz Lane CR110toCR112 US79toCR112 US 79, Railroad, & Creek Gattis School to US 79 - CR 112 to ETJ CR 122 to FM 1460 - US 79 to ETJ Onion Creek to Chisolm Trail Extension Sam Bass to Onion Creek Chisolm Trail to FM 1431 FM 1460 to CR 110 Wyoming Springs to Sam Bass Wyoming Springs to Sam Bass J Arterial A to Double Creek SH 45 to Hesters Crossing Deepwood to SH 45 US 79 to Louis Henna Forest Creek to north of US 79 US 79 to Westinghouse Road Louis Henna/Meister to Forest Creek Limits Z i f'zzi' i Ol i G -f' 0�/ g rzzzzzz 0�/ 1 1 1§ Ire W t ).M2Mt) 0�1 0�1 N n0 1 r m l zzzzzzzzzz i l i§ i i None Existing Typical Section Half of 4 -Lane Divided Urban L 4 -Lane Divided Urban 0 2. f. g D i c I 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 5 -Lane Urban 5 -Lane Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban Half of 6 -Lane Divided Urban Half of 6 -Lane Divided Urban 2007 Proposed Typical Section 4 -Lane Divided Urban v z I c I Half of 4 -Lane Divided Urban 1 Half of 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban -I 4 -Lane Divided Urban 5 -Lane Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban Half of 6 -Lane Divided Urban Half of 6 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 6 -Lane Divided Urban 2017 Proposed Typical Section 6 -Lane Divided Urban — 6 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 6 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban Upgrade to 6 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban Ultimate Proposed Typical Section J 8 J 2388238 J J ..i 100 120 J 88888888 J J J J �► J J J 8 1000 J 8 Loo I 00L J 888 J 882388888 J J J J J J r 120 J 23823E -& J g c ...x. d�,c Wyoming Springs Extension Wyoming Springs Extension Wyoming Springs Extension Wyoming Springs !Wyoming Springs CCCCU = 3 Siiip 3 3 3 1 3 IRM 620 lO 3 S mr a. 101d Settlers Boulevard 1 O'Conner Drive Extension 'PEE nVII IIH 35/Greenlawn Interchange _ 'Hesters Crossing i 1GreenlaNn Extension Roadway 2007 & Ultimate 2007 2007 11 es Ultimate 2017 2017 q 2007 Pq 2007 lq 2007 c o Ultimate cC (WI 2007 2007 2007 y Sam Bass Road to FM 1431 Creek Bend to Sam Bass Road RM 620 to Arterial C FM 1431 to Arterial G Creek Bend to RM 620 CR110toCR195 Mays Street to Old Settlers Park Old Settlers Park to CR 122 IH 35 to Old Settlers Park RM 620 to SH 130 east of Round Rock FM 1431 to ETJ Meadows to FM 3406 FM 3406 to FM 1431 Lake Creek Boulevard to Wyoming Springs Wyoming Springs to SH 45 Widening from IH 35 to Meadows RM 620 to Arterial C IH 35 to Greenhill FM 1460 to CR 122 IH 35 to Lake Creek Boulevard O'Conner Drive to ETJ CR172toIH35 SH 45 to CR 172 R I: :s a IH35toETJ CR172toIH35 At FM 1325, Hesters Crossing From Louis Henna to IH 35 1 a None § None 2 -Lane iiia iiiiii iiiInif gg iii None Existing Typical Section Half of 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban g 6 -Lane Divided Urban Widening (4 -Lane Divided) 4 -Lane Undivided Urban 6 -Lane Divided Urban 5 -Lane Urban 5 -Lane Urban Interchange Realign (5 -Lane Urban) 4 -Lane Divided Urban Turnarounds 4 -Lane Divided Urban 2007 Proposed Typical Section 6 -Lane Divided Urban 6 -Lane Divided Urban i c c 1 4 -Lane Divided Urban 2017 Proposed Typical Section Half of 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban Half of 4 -Lane Divided Urban Upgrade to 8 -Lane Divided Urban 6 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 6 -Lane Divided Urban 4 -Lane Divided Urban 6 -Lane Divided Urban Ultimate Proposed Typical Section J 8 J 8 J 8 J J 88 120 120 120 142 J �► J J J 88882323 100 120 100 120 J 888 100 100 ..► 8b 77 a c E x. i 1-1 a� n moi°, co a 73c 3; w Q. 0 0 70 o �; N NI lar 3 UTILITIES Providing efficient and cost-effective utilities to City residents and businesses 8.1 Introduction 0 ver time, the supply of basic utilities for the City of Round Rock has expanded along with the City's population. Adequate provision of utilities is important for the City as it strives to maintain a desired level of service for residents and businesses. Utilities represent substantial financial outlays. As such, utilities must be planned well in advance to meet projected peak community demands and must be commensurate with City financial capabilities. One of the most difficult periods for City utilities was the 1970's. From 1970 to 1980, the population of Round Rock rose by 353 percent, from 2,811 in 1970 to 12,740 in 1980. The rapid rise in population placed tremendous pressures on City utilities and, in 1978, City wells ran dry. The 1978 crisis prompted the City to expand its water resources and aggressively plan for future growth. Population growth continued unabated through the 1980's. To ensure adequate service for a burgeoning population and prevent the reoccurrence of the 1978 water shortage, a study of the basic utility structure and community needs was undertaken in 1986. The resultant 1986 City of Round Rock Master Water and Wastewater Study now forms the basis for utility planning in Round Rock. The 1986 study has been subsequently evaluated and updated to meet current growth needs. 8.2 Water System History Much of the current water system can be traced to the early 1970's. During the 1970's, the City initiated the construction of water wells, ground storage, and standpipe facilities to provide adequate water supplies and storage for a growing population. Prior to 1982, the sole water source for Round Rock was the Edwards Aquifer. In 1981, the City began construction of a six million gallon per day (MGD) water treatment plant that took water from Lake Georgetown. The first phase of construction was completed in 1982. Major plant improvements occurred in 1988 and 1997. Additional plant improvements are scheduled for 1999 through 2000. Since the first phase of construction in 1982, the plant, as of December 1998, has been expanded 89 UTILITIES to 24 MGD. Major storage and pumping facility improvements occurred in 1987, and additional storage improvements are scheduled for 1999 through 2000. Table 8.1 lists the capacities of Round Rock facilities as of December 1998. Table 8.1 Water System Capacities Type Facility Number Total Capacity Ground Storage Tanks Elevated Storage Tanks Pump Stations 5 7.93 million gallons 10 4.17 million gallons 5 38,700 gallons per minute (firm capacity) Source: City of Round Rock Public Works Department The City also entered into several agreements to guarantee sufficient future supply. The first is with the Brazos River Authority (BRA) to take surface water from Stillhouse Hollow Lake. Another agreement with the City of Austin allows Round Rock to draw water from Austin's Martin Hill Tank in northern Austin on an emergency basis. Pressure Zones The topography of Round Rock requires the establishment of several water pressure zones to provide consumer service within desired maximum and minimum water pressure limits. The existing water system service area is divided into five water pressure zones based on topography (see Map 8.1 below). 90 UTILITIES Map 8.1 Pressure Zones Source: City of Round Rock Public Works Department Water Supply Design Criteria The Public Works Department uses the following guidelines for the City water supply system: WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM • Average Daily Demand - 218 gallons per capita • Peak Daily Demand - 2.5 times average daily demand • Maximum Daily Demand - 450 gallons per capita • Minimum Pressure Requirements - 35 pounds per square inch (psi) at flow rates not less than 1.5 gallons per minute (GPM) per connection; 20 psi under fire flow with 1.5 GPM per connection • Metering- Accurate metering devices at each service connection • Valves - Sufficient number of valves to allow repairs, pressure division, and flushing without undue service interruption 91 UTILITIES • Circulation - Minimal number of dead ends and maximum number of circulation loops; limits of no more than 50 connections on dead end lines with provisions, as practicable, to ultimately connect them for circulation PUMP STATIONS • For areas with less than 200 gallons of elevated storage per connection - Two or more pumps at each station with a capacity of two GPM per connection or a total capacity of 1,000 GPM and the ability to meet peak hourly demands with the largest pump out of service, whichever is less • For areas with at least 200 gallons of elevated storage per connection - Two pumps at each station with a minimum combined capacity of 0.6 GPM per connection MINIMUM TEXAS STATE BOARD OF INSURANCE FIRE FLOW REQUIREMENTS • Principal mercantile and industrial areas - 3,000 GPM • Light mercantile areas -1,500 GPM • Dense residential areas - 750 GPM • Scattered residential arras - 500 GPM All City design criteria exceed the minimum State criteria established by the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission. `Fater, Demand Current water demand per capita varies from a low value of approximately 150 gallons per day (GPD) to a high value of 375 GPD, depending on the season. Variation is due to pronounced increases in water usage for landscaping and other special purposes during hot, dry periods. Although estimates of future water demand depend largely on population forecasting, large recreational, commercial, and industrial users also affect system demands. Once demand projections are made, the Public Works Department explores alternative methods of obtaining appropriate water supplies and more effectively utilizing current supplies. Overall, future water supplies should be readily accessible, sufficiently reliable, and efficiently used to meet water demands. Table 8.2 shows population projections and projected demands. Forecasted population figures denote the population for the entire Planning Area. Ultimately, the City expects to serve everyone in the Planning Area, either through direct City service or through contracts with neighboring governmental agencies. 92 UTILITIES Table 8.2 Water Demand Requirements Year Population Estimate/Pmjection' Average Daily System Demand1(MGD) 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 78,394 17.1 89,230 99,836 110,213 120,361 19.5 21.8 24.0 26.2 Source: City of Round Rock Public Works Department 1 Population figures denote the entire Planning Area. See Chapter 3 for details. 2 Average Daily System Demand is based on 218 gallons per capita. `Yater Supply WELLS Wells that draw water from the Edwards Aquifer are one source of City water. Water from these wells is treated through gas chlorination prior to pumping into ground storage tanks and the water distribution system. Existing City water wells have a combined capacity of 13.5 MGD, but only 4.5 MGD can be counted on during drought conditions as a "safe yield" rating. SURFACE WATER Because the amount of water that can be taken from the Edward's Aquifer is limited, additional water supplies are provided by surface water reservoirs. Surface water sources include both Lake Georgetown and Stillhouse Hollow Lake. Round Rock's dependence on well water was alleviated in 1982 with the completion of the water treatment plant, which draws water from Lake Georgetown. The treatment plant is located near the intersection of Westinghouse Road and Interstate 35 at the extreme north end of the City. An intake structure at Lake Georgetown draws raw surface water and pumps it approximately nine miles to the plant where it is treated, stored, and ultimately pumped into the City's distribution system. Treated water is temporarily stored at the plant in two large chambers, or clearwells. A booster pump station is located at the plant to deliver treated water to the distribution network, as needed. The water treatment plant capacity was expanded to 24 MGD in 1997. Round Rock has a supply contract with the Brazos River Authority (BRA) for 9 MGD from Lake Georgetown. This contract allows a peak diversion of 30 MGD. All water 93 UTILITIES in Lake Georgetown has been comtnitted by the BRA and no additional capacity is available. Stillhouse Hollow Lake is approximately 35 miles north of Round Rock. Round Rock's contract with the BRA will allow Round Rock to draw 16.2 MGD from the reservoir on an average annual basis with a peak diversion rate of 81.0 MGD. Ultimately, the City expects the construction of two 36 inch lines from Stillhouse Hollow Lake to Lake Georgetown, where the City can readily access the water. The City expects completion of the lines in 2002. Round Rock, Georgetown, Jonah, Leander, and the Brushy Creek Municipal Utility District (MUD) will fund the construction of the lines. INTERCITY AGREEMENT Round Rock has an emergency use agreement with the City of Austin to draw a limited amount of water from the Martin Hill Tank, located in northern Austin. The total raw water supply is shown in Table 8.3. Table 8.3 Raw Water Supply Source Average Yield (MGD) Peak Yield (MGD) Wells (Drought Yield) Lake Georgetown Stillhouse Hollow Lake 4.5 4.5 9.0 30.0 16.2 81.0 TOTAL' 29.7 115.5 Source: City of Round Rock Public Works Department 1 Round Rock can also draw a limited amount of water from Austin's Martin Hill Tank on an emergency basis. 8.3 Wastewater astewater Collection The City of Round Rock's existing wastewater collection system is based on the concept of aligning major wastewater interceptors along creek beds to allow service through gravity mains for all areas within a particular creek's watershed. This concept is the most cost-effective in terms of minimizing areas which must be served by lift stations due to the varying ground elevations in and around the City. 94 UTILITIES There are four main creeks within the City of Round Rock: Brushy, Chandler, Lake, and Onion. Currently, major development exists in all of these watersheds. Major wastewater interceptors are installed along all four creeks. The interceptors in Brushy, Lake, and Onion Creeks flow by gravity to the existing wastewater treatment plant located along Brushy Creek. Flows from the interceptor in Chandler Creek are pumped to the wastewater treatment plant by a wastewater lift station. The lift station is scheduled to be retired by 2001 as the Chandler Creek interceptor is extended to the wastewater treatment plant System History The City's original wastewater system was constructed in the late 1930's under the Works Progress Administration (WPA), a depression era government agency. The system serviced the original downtown area and the residential area immediately adjacent to the downtown. Major improvements to the City's wastewater system were made during the 1970's and 1980's in response to increased demands for wastewater service. To meet increased demand, the City extended wastewater collection lines in the Lake Creek Watershed and the Chandler Creek Basin. As mentioned above, a lift station was constructed to pump the Chandler wastewater flows over a drainage divide into the Onion Creek Basin. The wastewater then gravity flows to the City's wastewater treatment plant Numerous improvements were made to the City's wastewater collection and treatment facilities under the 1977 and 1981 Capital Improvements Programs. These improvements included wastewater treatment plant expansions to a capacity of 1.4 MGD in 1977 and 3.0 MGD in 1981. The 1977 Capital Improvements Program also included the construction of additional wastewater interceptor lines in Lake Creek. Since 1981, the planning and construction of major wastewater improvements have been extensive. A 42 inch diameter interceptor was constructed in the Chandler Creek watershed in 1986 and a 36 inch interceptor was completed in the Lake Creek watershed in 1988. Map 8.2 shows the major wastewater lines and drainage basins in Round Rock. 95 UTILITIES Map 8.2 Drainage Basins & Major Wastewater Lines Source: City of Round Rock Public Works Department Regional \X astewater Plan In response to increasing development within the Brushy Creek watershed, various municipalities and governmental agencies have implemented a regional wastewater system. The system was first conceived in the early 1980s but only recently enacted. The regional concept affects the Upper Brushy Creek Watershed. The regional plan provides wastewater service to those entities in and around the Watershed that want the service and are willing to contribute funds to construct the required facilities. Customers include Round Rock, the Brushy Creek MUD, Austin, and Cedar Park. Under the regional system, an Alliance of the Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA) and the BRA is responsible for the treatment of all wastewater in the Brushy Creek basin. To this end, ownership of the City's two wastewater treatment plants passed to the Alliance in 1997. The City recognized that a regional sewage system was best handled by a river authority that had control over an entire basin. The regional system is a means to get small, less effective wastewater plants off our creeks to improve the water quality and protect the environment. Currently, each municipality treats wastewater in separate municipal facilities and discharges the treated water into nearby 96 UTILITIES creeks. Under the regional plan, all wastewater will be treated at the regional plant in Round Rock and safely discharged from a single location. The regional wastewater treatment plant is at the confluence of Brushy and Chandler Creeks in the City of Round Rock. Wastewater will reach the plant via wastewater interceptors along Brushy Creek. Segments connecting Cedar Park to Round Rock will be complete by 2001. The total area currently served by the regional plan is approximately 140 square miles. The regional wastewater treatment plant will have an ultimate capacity of 52 MGD, and will be capable of serving 520,000 people. The Alliance owns the two wastewater treatment plants in Round Rock, a major wastewater collection line along Brushy Creek, and a regional collection line in the Brushy Creek drainage basin. Round Rock controls the remainder of the City wastewater collection system. Demand Calculation The amount of wastewater service required by an area depends primarily upon the development and population density of that area. To facilitate the sizing of wastewater mains, the Public Works Department converts land area into living unit equivalents (LUE). An LUE is defined as that unit of development which produces the same peak wet weather wastewater flow as is produced by a single-family dwelling using 350 gallons per day average flow. It should be noted that a given number of LUEs within an area does not necessarily reflect the actual population that resides within the area. Commercial, industrial, and recreational areas may have elevated LUE numbers even though these areas have no permanent residents. To compare dissimilar land uses, Public Works uses a corresponding LUE conversion factor for each of six land use categories. (See Table 8.4). Table 8.4 LUE Conversion Factors Land Use Living Unit Equivalents' Single Family Duplex Multi -Family Commercial/Industrial Open Space' 1.0 per unit 0.9 per unit 0.7 per unit Building Area (square feet) x 6 x Land Area (acres) Land Area (square feet) 0.9 per acre Source: City of Round Rock Public Works Department A unit refers to a single-family residence, half a duplex, or one apartment unit. 2 Open space encompasses parks, greenbelts, and floodplains. Open space is assumed to add 0.9 LUE per acre due to stormwater inflow and infiltration. RESIDENTIAL 97 UTILITIES There are three residential land use categories: single-family, duplex, and multi -family. Single-family homes are calculated as one LUE. Duplex units are calculated as nine tenths of an LUE. Multi -family units are calculated as seven tenths of an LUE. Existing duplex developments average 7.0 LUE per acre and multi -family developments average 14.0 LUE per acre. COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL Single story commercial and industrial uses which are not heavy water users result in approximately 2.4 LUE per acre. OPEN SPACE Open space is assumed to add 0.9 LUE per acre due to stormwater inflow and infiltration. Stonnwater Inflow and Infiltmtion Future wastewater treatment demand is calculated using an average daily wastewater demand of 100 gallons per capita per day. Stormwater inflow and infiltration can substantially increase wastewater treatment demand. Accordingly, a program to minimize stormwater inflow and infiltration into the wastewater system has been implemented to reduce operations costs and keep utility rates low. Industrial and Hazardous aSte The treatment of wastewater is adversely affected when certain industrial or hazardous materials are added. Because Round Rock's wastewater treatment system capacity exceeds 5 MGD, federal law requires the development of a wastewater pretreatment program for industrial wastes. The purpose of the pretreatment program is to ensure that discharged industrial wastes do not interfere with the operation of the treatment system and can be treated properly by the City's system. The City's pretreatment program has been approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 8.4 Regional Stormwater Detention It is the general policy of the City of Round Rock to encourage a regional stormwater detention system rather than provide small on site detention facilities. Regional stormwater detention is provided by several U.S. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) reservoirs located throughout the Planning Area, quarry structures west of town, and channelization. SCS Dam Number 14, located north of Old Settlers Boulevard and east of Settlement Drive, is an example of a regional detention site. The use of a 98 UTILITIES regional stormwater detention system provides centralized control of stormwater flows, reduced space requirements, and reduced maintenance requirements. 8.5 Solid Waste Collection and Recycling Round Rock Refuse, an independent contractor, provides solid waste collection for Round Rock. Round Rock Refuse deposits the waste in the Williamson County landfill, which is located outside the Round Rock extraterritorial jurisdiction north of Hutto. Recycling is provided by a drop off center on Deepwood Drive as well as a voluntary curbside subscription program offered by Round Rock Refuse. The City has operated the recycling center since 1991. The curbside program started in 1999. Recycled materials include newsprint, magazines, steel cans, aluminum cans, plastic milk bottles, plastic soda bottles, oil, and antifreeze. Each year approximately 640 tons of these materials are recycled that would otherwise have been dumped in the landfill Recycling helps fill the landfill at a slower rate, extends the life of the landfill, precludes early construction of new landfills, and keeps garbage rates low. Although recent recycling efforts in Round Rock have increased slightly with the enactment of a curbside recycling program, the potential exists for much higher levels of recycling in the City. 8.6 Future Considerations Water Conservation Water treatment and supply is driven by the City's peak demand. Peak demand is the most intense one-time use that the water system will ever experience. The City must plan and build new facilities based on peak demand even though average use is substantially less. Conservation measures are a means to flatten the peak demand and more efficiently utilize existing facilities. A lower peak water demand extends the life of current facilities before costly upgrades or new facilities are required. Delaying new construction and better utilizing current capacity helps keep water rates low. The City of Round Rock, in partnership with the City of Austin and other Central Texas cities, participates in two water conservation programs. The first of these is a voluntary water conservation program. Based on the last two digits of their street address, residents are asked to water their lawns only on days and at times specified by a regional calendar. The second program is a Drought Management Program, which features three drought response stages. The program recognizes that drought is a recurring event in Texas. The three stages represent a phased response to droughts based on drought severity. While each municipality follows the same actions within a particular stage, neighboring cities might not announce stages at the same time. Stages 99 UTILITIES are driven by both the severity of the drought and a municipality's ability to meet demands during a drought Reuse Water Utility The City is exploring a water reuse utility as another conservation measure. Water reuse would entail building separate water lines for treated wastewater effluent and using the water for golf course, park, and stadium irrigation. Water reuse offers a low cost alternative to the unnecessary use of fully treated water for irrigation and landscaping. Water reuse limits the burden placed on water treatment plants, preserves their capacity, and offers an opportunity to efficiently use what is becoming an increasingly scarce resource. 8.7 Summary Round Rock's steady population growth is not expected to subside in the near future. The City of Round Rock, therefore, anticipates the need for increased capacity coupled with strong conservation initiatives to meet the peak demands generated by a growing population. The City anticipates the completion of the regional wastewater facility to meet much of the wastewater treatment demand and various agreements to meet water supply needs. When taken together, capacity improvements, consistent system monitoring and upgrades, usage projections, and initiatives to promote the efficient use of existing supplies are expected to provide cost-effective and dependable utility service for residents and businesses into the next century. 100 PARKS AND OPEN SPACE PLAN 9.1 Parks and Open Space Plan To be inseriethpon a vole on bytbe Parks and on Deparftent 101 NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING Strengthening the City's commitment to collaborative neighborhood improvement 10.1 Introduction Neighborhood Planning in Round Rock has its roots in the 1990 General Plan. The 1990 Plan recognized that a home is the single largest investment most individuals make in their lifetime, that neighborhoods are the building blocks of a community, and that the City needs to take measures to strengthen this basic structure of our community. The 1990 General Plan specifically stated that "older residential neighborhoods have a unique character and neighborhood identification should be protected." The goals and objectives of the General Plan 2000 reinforce the recommendations made in the 1990 Plan by emphasizing that Round Rock should establish policies and programs that strengthen and preserve neighborhood integrity. Objectives to achieve this goal specify that the City should: • reinvest in the infrastructure of the City's older areas; • ensure strong, consistent code enforcement to maintain neighborhood integrity; • investigate methods and incentives to bring existing developed properties into conformity with new ordinances; • ensure compatible land uses adjacent to neighborhoods; • avoid the creation of large concentrations of apartments in any one area of the city; and • continue the Neighborhood Planning Program. 102 NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING 10.2 Neighborhood Planning Program The Neighborhood Planning Program has become an established program within the Round Rock Planning and Community Development Department This collaborative program includes representation not only from residents in a particular neighborhood but also from businesses and institutions within the neighborhood. Since 1994, the Planning Department has coordinated three neighborhood planning efforts with neighborhood representatives and City department representatives. While the goals for these efforts have been unique to each neighborhood, each resultant program shared similar long-range goals of strengthening the identity of residential areas, stabilizing and improving property values, and helping guide change within the neighborhood. The downtown neighborhood was the first group to request a Neighborhood Plan. The City was very eager to respond to this request to demonstrate a commitment to protecting the character and history of the older downtown area. A Neighborhood Planning Team (NPT), comprised of citizen representatives from the neighborhood, was appointed by the City Council in March 1994 to identify problems and concerns ranging from non -conforming uses to maintenance of architectural character within the downtown area. Meetings were held over a period of eight months with the NPT working through and discussing problems and concerns with representatives from various City departments. During this time, City staff was also preparing a study to help derive solutions to the problems identified by the NPT. Solutions and recommendations were then proposed by the NPT to implement the plan. The City Council adopted the Downtown Plan in December 1994. The Greater Round Rock West NPT began its work with the Planning Department staff in June 1996. Representatives from six residential areas of the Round Rock West subdivisions met over a period of six months to discuss neighborhood issues and concerns. Among other issues, the Greater Round Rock West Plan addresses traffic problems, recommends locations for new sidewalks, and calls for greater communication between the neighborhood and the City. The Plan was adopted by City Council Resolution in February 1997. As with the Downtown Plan, the Greater Round Rock West Plan contains an Implementation Plan that sets deadlines for addressing the concerns of the NPT. The Northeast Neighborhood Improvement Process (NIP) is the most recent neighborhood planning effort (1998). This program differed from the previous efforts in two respects. First, an NPT was not established but, rather, residents from the three northeast neighborhoods, Egger's Acres, Mesa Ridge, and Mesa Village, were all invited to attend. This change from previous formats was brought about due to the complete buildout of the area to be studied. Second, rather than producing a plan for the whole neighborhood, specific improvement plans were developed by the residents. To identify the necessary improvements for the neighborhood, staff facilitated a brainstorming session. The NIP was completed within a twelve -week period. At its conclusion, a sidewalk plan and street lighting plan were recommended. Both plans 103 NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING were presented to the City Council and have since been incorporated into the City's Sidewalk Plan and into the City's and TU Electric's future street lighting plans, respectively. In addition to the improvement plans, a "Neighborhood Guide to City Services" was also produced. The purpose of the guide is to help neighborhood residents identify key persons who can assist them in addressing neighborhood issues, concerns, and problems. It will be a resource in future planning efforts. 10.3 Implementation Plans Actions and Deadlines Implementation Plans have been adopted by Council resolution for the two Neighborhood Plans: the Downtown Plan and the Greater Round Rock West Neighborhood Plan. The Actions and Deadlines have been developed during the NPT process to address the concerns that are prioritized during the planning process. Team members and City department head representatives each take responsibility for completing actions on items that are directly related to their areas of concern and expertise. From the date of Neighborhood Plan adoption, short term actions are to be implemented within 1-2 years, medium term actions within 2-3 years, and long term actions within 3-5 years. These plans which are reviewed on an annual basis function as advisory documents and help guide actions affecting the neighborhood. The Planning and Community Development Department coordinates the annual review and a report is then presented to the City Manager. 10.4 Future Adoption Process Citizen participants in the General Plan 2000 revision process were particularly pleased with the efforts made to date in the Neighborhood Planning Program. In fact, included in the General Plan 2000 goals and objectives is a statement indicating support for the program. However, the program is still growing and a legal framework is needed to ensure that there is a clear understanding of the relationship between the General Plan and the Neighborhood Planning element of the Plan. Figure 10.1. depicts this relationship. As in any system or process, each step is important. Citizen communication with the City and neighborhood involvement in the decision making process is improved by initiating a Neighborhood Plan. Neighborhood residents have first hand knowledge of problems in their neighborhood that the City may not be aware. However, acknowledging and identifying the problems is only the beginning. Participation in the Neighborhood Planning Process also includes an Action Plan which allows everyone to collaborate in solving problems. Some problems are better addressed by the Neighborhood Association while others require the City's attention. After City review of the Neighborhood Plan, it is implemented through an amendment to the General Plan. This solidifies the connection between the General Plan and the Neighborhood Plan and reinforces the goals and objectives from the planning process. To further 104 NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING implement the Neighborhood Plan, it may also be necessary to amend the City's zoning and subdivision regulations as well as the Strategic Plan. The Strategic Plan amendments insure that required actions are put into the City's timetable and workplan and that there is accountability for addressing problems. Figure 10.1: Neighborhood Planning & General Plan GENERAL PLAN 2000 • General Plan sets goals for the City and for neighborhoods • Neighborhood Planning element describes neighborhood planning program that results in comprehensive and collaborative neighborhood plans RESOURCES • City and Planning Surveys • Neighborhood Guide • Planning and Design Workshop Summary Report NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN • Neighborhood Inventory and Analysis • Identification of Issues and Concems • Issue -specific Action Plan • Department Review • Planning and Zoning Review • City Council Review and Adoption IMPLEMENTATION 1 - COLLABORATION • Residents • Businesses • Institutions • City Government • General Plan Amendment • Zoning • Subdivision • Strategic Plan 105 NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING 10.5 Community Development Programs In addition to the Neighborhood Planning Program, the City has other opportunities to implement revitalization programs for neighborhoods. These programs are funded through the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) annual Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) and are coordinated through the Office of Community Development in the Planning and Community Development Department The CDBG funds community development activities that include conducting neighborhood revitalisation strategies. The City has been able to fund some of the necessary park improvements identified in the Downtown Plan and the Northeast Improvement Process through the CDBG program. Strategies for neighborhood revitalization are very clearly defined within the HUD process. Neighborhood revitalization strategies may be submitted as part of the City's Consolidated Plan, the five-year HUD Plan which outlines the City's priorities in housing, community development, and economic development When applicable, HUD's approval of the Consolidated Plan will also state its approval of the revitalisation strategy either as part of the Consolidated Plan or as an amendment to it. HUD's approval of a neighborhood revitalization strategy must be expressly stated prior to either funding or activities. Neighborhood revitali>ation strategies seek to create partnerships or collaborations among the City, the private sector, community organizations, and neighborhood residents. The City recognizes the necessity of collaborating in problem -solving in order to achieve success in revitalization efforts. Successful neighborhood revitalisation strategies bring together neighborhood and community stakeholders to forge partnerships that achieve the following • obtain commitments to neighborhood -building; • make neighborhoods attractive for investments, thereby creating a market for profits; • generate neighborhood participation to ensure that the benefits of economic activity are reinvested in the neighborhood for long-term community development; • support the use of neighborhood intermediary institutions such as Community -Based Development Organizations (CBDOs), Community Development Corporations (CDCs), Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs), and religious institutions to bridge gaps between government, business, community groups, and residents; and • foster the growth of resident -based initiatives to identify and address their needs. 106 NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING A neighborhood revitalization strategy is designed to provide for the economic empowerment of the low- and moderate -income residents of a particular neighborhood and other long-term improvements within a reasonable period of time. Therefore, the strategy should dearly describe how it meets the following criteria: • Boundaries: The grantee has identified the neighborhood's boundaries for which the strategy applies. All areas within those boundaries must be contiguous; • Demographic Criteria• The designated area must be primarily residential and contain a percentage of low- and moderate -income residents that is not less than 51 percent; • Insu/ation: The grantee must describe how the strategy was developed in consultation with the area's stakeholders, including residents, owners/operators of businesses and Financial institutions, non-profit organizations, and community groups that are in or serve the neighborhood; • Assessment- The strategy must include an assessment of the economic conditions of the area and an examination of the opportunities for economic development improvement and the problems likely to be encountered; • Economic Empowerment: There must be a realistic development strategy and implementation plan to promote the area's economic progress focusing on activities to create meaningful jobs for the unemployed and low- and moderate - income residents of the area (mcluding jobs created by CDBG assisted efforts) as well as activities to promote the substantial revitalization of the neighborhood; and • Performance Measurements: The strategy must identify the results (e.g., physical improvements, social initiatives, and economic empowerment) expected to be achieved, expressing them in terms that are readily measurable. Neighborhood revitalization strategies should be designed to achieve substantial improvements in the delineated neighborhood area to create meaningful levels of economic opportunities for residents during the time frame of the City's approved Consolidated Plan. However, HUD does not require that a neighborhood be fully revitalized within that five year period, but that the level of improvements be substantial. Once HUD approves a revitalization strategy, the City may assume that this approval is in effect for the full time period of the strategy, as long as reasonable progress is being made in its implementation. HUD requires each revitalization strategy to include baseline needs information for the area and to set benchmark projections for the activities to revitalize the area. The benchmarks should be readily measurable with specific results and should clearly represent positive steps toward the desired ultimate outcome: economic revitalization of the designated area. Each year following HUD's approval of the strategy, the City 107 NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING will need to identify in its annual Community Development Action Plan the outputs to be achieved by the end of that year. The benchmarks should include measures of outputs to be achieved with the CDBG funds together with other resources. An example of outputs would be the number of new businesses formed or the reduction, by a certain number or percentage, of persons on welfare. Since the benchmarks are to reflect the expected level of accomplishments at the end of each program year, they must be measurable at such times. 10.6 Summary Cities nationwide have been successful in improving the quality of life in their communities through Neighborhood Planning. The Neighborhood Planning Program in Round Rock is a collaborative program that seeks to provide neighborhood residents with the assistance and coordination that is necessary to promote neighborhood stability and improvement. The NPT Neighborhood Plans, NIPs, and HUD Neighborhood Revitalization programs are all programs that have been successful in this effort. With the goals and objectives of the General Plan 2000 as the guiding policies and the more specific Action Plans and ordinances as the implementation tools, Neighborhood Planning will continue to be a successful planning tool for the entire community. 108 ORDINANCE 11.1 Ordinance To be inserted upon completion of the adopting ordinance for the General Plan 109 DATE: June 4, 1999 SUBJECT: City Council Meeting, June 10, 1999 ITEM: 9.C.1. Consider an ordinance adopting the Round Rock General Plan 2000. (First Reading) The Round Rock General Plan is the official policy document guiding long range planning and community development in the City of Round Rock. It provides the legal basis for the city's zoning and subdivision regulations as well as all other development regulations. The Plan sets forth the major goals and objectives that guide physical growth and community development in Round Rock and provides guidance for decision making. Staff Resource Person: Joe Vining, Planning Director. On May 5, 1999, the Planning and Zoning Commission recommended adoption of the Round Rock General Plan 2000.